基于24Model的建筑较大坍塌事故人因因素相关性研究  

Research on correlation of human factors in large building collapse accidents based on 24Model

作　　者：赵子琪 张玉珂 张保勇 程巍 傅贵[3] ZHAO Ziqi;ZHANG Yuke;ZHANG Baoyong;CHENG Wei;FU Gui(Department of Safety Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150022,China;Heilongjiang Longmei Jixi Mining Co.,Ltd.,Jixi Heilongjiang 158100,China;School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学安全工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150022 [2]黑龙江龙煤鸡西矿业有限责任公司,黑龙江鸡西158100 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)应急管理与安全工程学院,北京100091

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2025年第3期30-36,共7页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后面上项目(LBH-Z20189);2022年度黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费(科研创新平台建设项目)(2022-KYYWF-0531)。

摘　　要：为了防止建筑行业坍塌事故的发生,采用事故致因24Model对31起较大坍塌事故进行原因分析,辨识建设单位、施工单位、监理单位的一次性不安全动作和习惯性不安全动作,并探究二者之间的相关性。结果表明:一次性不安全动作与安全知识不足、安全意识不高、安全习惯不佳的Spearman相关系数r分别为0.470、0.455、0.421,P均小于0.01,呈显著正相关;安全知识不足与安全意识不高、安全习惯不佳的Spearman相关系数r分别为0.233和0.241,P<0.05,呈显著正相关;安全知识不足与安全习惯不佳的Spearman相关系数r=0.241,P<0.05,呈显著正相关。最后,针对上述原因提出有效的管理办法,以提高建筑行业的安全生产水平。In order to prevent the occurrence of collapse accidents in the construction industry,the cause analysis of 31 large collapse accidents was carried out by using the 24Model of accident causation,and the one-time unsafe ac-tions and habitual unsafe actions of the construction unit,the construction unit and the supervision unit were identi-fied,and the correlation between the two was explored.The results showed that the Spearman correlation coefficients r were 0.470,0.455,0.421 respectively,and P were all less than 0.01,showing a significant positive correlation.The Spearman correlation coefficients r of insufficient safety knowledge,low safety awareness and poor safety habits were 0.233 and 0.241 respectively,and P were all less than 0.05,showing significant positive correlation.Finally,in view of the above reasons,effective management methods are proposed to improve the safety production level of the construction industry.

关 键 词：较大坍塌事故 关联度分析 不安全行为 24Model 

分 类 号：TU746.1[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]