基于正交实验设计的ZnCl_(2)活化污泥制备活性炭影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influential Factors of Activated Carbon Preparation from Sludge Using ZnCl_(2) as Activator Based on Orthogonal Experiment Design

作　　者：李强 张立杰[1] 陈玉凤[1] 喻航 LI Qiang;ZHANG Lijie;CHEN Yufeng;YU Hang(School of Mechanical and Resource Engineering,Wuzhou University,Wuzhou Guangxi 543002,China)

机构地区：[1]梧州学院机械与资源工程学院,广西梧州543002

出　　处：《当代化工》2025年第2期284-288,293,共6页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：广西自然科学基金重点项目(项目编号:2022GXNSFDA080009);梧州学院校级科研项目(项目编号:2021B001);梧州学院人才引进科研启动基金项目(项目编号:WZUQDJJ17261)。

摘　　要：活性污泥法处理废水过程中会产生大量的剩余污泥。以有机质为主的污泥是可用于制备活性炭的适宜原料。通过对正交实验数据进行分析的基础上,系统探究ZnCl_(2)活化污泥制备活性炭的规律和趋势。经分析得出,相比其他因素,ZnCl_(2)的用量会显著影响制得的活性炭的性能。活化剂的加入使污泥的热解温度区间向低温区移动。在ZnCl_(2)的活化作用下,污泥中有机材料的降解和碳骨架的芳构化导致了多孔结构的产生。污泥活化时ZnCl_(2)的用量控制着活性炭的比表面积、微孔和介孔以及孔径分布等特性。多量的ZnCl_(2)能显著促进扩孔和介孔结构的形成。得益于中孔的贡献,活性炭的总孔容随着活化剂ZnCl_(2)用量的增加而提高。A large amount of residual sludge will be produced during the wastewater treatment by activated sludge process.Sludge based on organic matter is a suitable raw material for preparing activated carbon.Based on the analysis of orthogonal experimental data,the rule and trend of preparation of activated carbon from sewage sludge activated by ZnCl_(2) were systematically investigated.The analysis showed that compared with other factors,the amount of ZnCl_(2) could significantly affect the performance of the prepared activated carbon.The participation of activator made the pyrolysis temperature range of sludge move to the low temperature zone.Under the activation of ZnCl_(2),the degradation of organic materials and the aromatization of carbon skeleton in sludge led to the formation of porous structures.The amount of ZnCl_(2) used for chemical activation controlled the characteristics of the activated carbon including surface area,micro-and mesoporosity,and pore size distributions.It was found that an excess amount of ZnCl_(2) could significantly enhance the process of pore widening and formation of the mesoporous structure.Due to the contribution of mesopore,the total pore volume of activated carbon increased with the increase of the amount of ZnCl_(2).

关 键 词：正交实验设计 污泥 活性炭 污泥活化 化学活化法 

分 类 号：TU992.3[建筑科学—市政工程] TQ424.1[化学工程]