基于优选小波分量的收获机作业部件载荷谱加速编辑方法  

Accelerated editing for the load spectrum of harvester operational units using optimal wavelet components

作　　者：杨子涵 黄胜操 朱华英 陈度[1] 朱忠祥[1] 宋正河[1] YANG Zihan;HUANG Shengcao;ZHU Huaying;CHEN Du;ZHU Zhongxiang;SONG Zhenghe(Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;National Institute of Agri-machinery Innovation&Creation,Luoyang Smart Agricultural Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学现代农业装备优化设计北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]国家农机装备创新中心,洛阳智能农业装备研究院有限公司,洛阳471000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第2期58-65,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32401717);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023M733784)。

摘　　要：为提高实验室场景下开展收获机械耐久性试验验证的效率,该研究以联合收获机作业部件载荷为例,开展载荷谱加速编辑方法分析。在传统基于小波分解的加速编辑方法基础上,讨论了不同小波分量差异选取对加速编辑效果的影响,尝试利用伪损伤比例界限对小波分量进行筛选,并通过极值差方法对小波分量中高损伤贡献片段进行识别,形成了基于优选小波分量的载荷谱加速编辑方法。利用实测载荷数据将该方法与基于小波分解和时域损伤保留两种方法进行了对比分析,结果表明,在伪损伤保留比例趋近一致的条件下,基于优选小波分量的加速编辑方法能够得到更精简的加速结果,以喂入搅龙载荷为例,在95%和98%伪损伤保留比例下,本文方法能够在传统小波分解方法基础上,将信号压缩比提升11.59和15.72个百分点。本文所述方法对于收获机作业部件载荷具备通用性,在其他行业领域的结构耐久加速试验场景下同样具有应用潜力。This study aims to improve the efficiency of durability testing,and then verify the harvesting machinery in laboratory scenarios.The accelerated editing was investigated on the load spectrum,according to the operating loads of combine harvester components as an example.The testing efficiency was further improved to reduce the costs for better consistency in the load spectrum loading between field and laboratory bench tests.Different wavelet components were selected to accelerate the editing using traditional wavelet decomposition.The threshold of pseudo-damage ratio was used to filter the wavelet components.The high contribution of damaged segments was identified in the wavelet components using the extreme difference method.Among them,the peak and valley values were extracted from the reconstructed wavelet components.Differences among adjacent extreme values were calculated after reconstruction.The threshold was then applied to discriminate the specific damage segments during extraction.An accelerated editing of the load spectrum was developed using optimal wavelet components.A case study was selected as the operating components of the feeding system in a combine harvester.The torque load was compared with the wavelet decomposition and time-domain damage retention.The results indicated that there was a greater variation in the signal frequency components and statistical features represented by different wavelet components,compared with the traditional acceleration editing of wavelet decomposition.Therefore,the negative impact of acceleration editing was also found in the indiscriminate identification of the damaged segment for each wavelet component.The acceleration editing was potentially improved to exclude the specific high-frequency wavelet components from the damage segment calculation.The wavelet components were then filtered,according to the pseudo-damage ratio between each wavelet component and the original load.There was a more precise and flexible identification of damage segments using extreme differen

关 键 词：收获机 载荷谱 耐久性试验 加速编辑 小波分解 

分 类 号：S220[农业科学—农业机械化工程]