突发公共卫生事件中临床护士组织支持感、心理弹性与替代性创伤的关系研究  

Relationship among perceived organizational support,psychological resilience,and vicarious traumatization of clinical nurses under public health emergency conditions

作　　者：王宁[1] 徐江华[2,3] WANG Ning;XU Jianghua(Central Operating Room,Taihe Hospital,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China;Center of Health Administration and Development Studies,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China;School of Nursing,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院附属太和医院中心手术室,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北医药学院卫生管理与卫生事业发展研究中心,湖北十堰442000 [3]湖北医药学院护理学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2025年第1期7-12,共6页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：湖北省普通高等学校人文社科重点研究基地开放基金(2020YB003);十堰市新冠肺炎防控技术引导性应急科研项目(20Y24)。

摘　　要：目的探究突发公共卫生事件中临床护士的组织支持感、心理弹性和替代性创伤间的关系,以期为此类事件中的护士心理干预提供依据。方法2020年10—12月,采用便利抽样法,选取湖北省某市两所三级甲等医院参与疫情防控的一线临床护士为研究对象。采用《组织支持感量表》、简版《心理弹性量表》《灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷》进行问卷调查,并使用AMOS 23.0软件构建、验证心理弹性在组织支持感与替代性创伤之间的中介假设模型,用偏差校正bootstrap检验法对中介效应的显著性进行检验。结果共调查220人,回收有效问卷201份,有效回收率91.4%。突发公共卫生事件中临床护士替代性创伤得分为(71.76±21.64)分,组织支持感得分为(50.54±11.38)分,心理弹性得分为(27.35±8.03)分。组织支持感得分与心理弹性得分呈正相关(r=0.539,P<0.01),心理弹性得分与替代性创伤得分呈负相关(r=-0.582,P<0.01),组织支持感得分与替代性创伤得分呈负相关(r=-0.429,P<0.01)。心理弹性在组织支持感与替代性创伤间起部分中介效应,中介效应值为-0.285,占总效应的65.2%。结论突发公共卫生事件中临床护士存在一定程度的替代性创伤。护理管理者可通过增强临床护士组织支持感和心理弹性,积极预防或缓解替代性创伤。Objective This study aims to explore the relationships among perceived organizational support,psychological resilience,and vicarious traumatization of clinical nurses during conditions of public health emergencies,providing a basis for psychological interventions for nurses in such events.Methods From October to December 2020,a convenience sampling method was employed to select frontline clinical nurses participating in epidemic prevention and control from two top tertiary general hospitals in a city in Hubei Province.The Organizational Support Scale,the Brief Resilience Scale,and the Vicarious Trauma Questionnaire for Disaster Responders were used for the survey.AMOS 23.0 software was used to construct and validate the mediation hypothesis model of psychological resilience between perceived organizational support and vicarious traumatization,and the significance of the mediation effect was tested using the bias-corrected bootstrap method.Results A total of 220 participants were surveyed,and 201 valid questionnaires were recovered with a recovery rate of 91.4%.The vicarious traumatization score of clinical nurses was(71.76±21.64),the perceived organizational support score was(50.54±11.38),and the psychological resilience score was(27.35±8.03)during public health emergencies.Perceived organizational support scores were positively correlated with psychological resilience scores(r=0.539,P<0.01),psychological resilience scores were negatively correlated with vicarious traumatization scores(r=-0.582,P<0.01),and perceived organizational support scores were negatively correlated with vicarious traumatization scores(r=-0.429,P<0.01).Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and vicarious traumatization,with a mediation effect value of-0.285,accounting for 65.2%of the total effect.Conclusions Clinical nurses experienced a certain degree of vicarious traumatization during public health emergencies.Nursing managers should actively prevent or mitigate vicarious t

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 临床护士 组织支持感 心理弹性 替代性创伤 结构方程 中介效应 

分 类 号：R132[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R192.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学]