职业学校学生实习的现实困境、本质属性与实践进路——产教融合的视角  

Internship for Vocational School Students'Realistic Dilemmas,Essential Attributes,and Practical Pathways—Perspective of Integration of Industry and Education

作　　者：魏立君 付达杰[1,2] Wei Lijun;Fu Dajie

机构地区：[1]江西财经职业学院,江西九江332000 [2]浙江大学,杭州310058

出　　处：《职教发展研究》2025年第1期33-40,共8页Vocational Education Development and Research

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十四五”规划项目“供需匹配视角下高职学生职业能力动态测评与干预应用研究”(项目编号:23GZYB127)。

摘　　要：实习作为连接“职业—企业—工作”的纽带,能够跨越企业与学校的主体界限,跨越工作与学习的层面界限,跨越职业与教育的领域界限。然而,当前职业学校学生实习存在实习身份定位不清晰、实习岗位与专业不匹配及评价反馈体系不完善等问题,需要从根本上厘清新时代实习的本质属性,包括身份属性、实践属性、教学属性和评价属性,重塑实习的育人本质。最后,基于实习的本质属性提出构建跨场域融合的多元共治机制,技能成长的培育机制,“双区联动、双元共管”的协同育人机制,“多维多元”的形成性评价机制等实践进路。Internship,as a mediating link connecting"occupation enterprise work",transcends the subject boundaries between enterprises and schools,the level boundaries between work and study,and the domain boundaries between occupation and education.However,current internships for vocational school students face problems such as unclear identity positioning,mismatch between internship positions and majors,and an incomplete evaluation and feedback system.It is necessary to fundamentally clarify the essential attributes of internships in the new era,including identity attributes,practical attributes,teaching attributes,and evaluation attributes,and reshape the educational essence of internships.Finally,based on the essential attributes of internships,four practical approaches are proposed:a multi⁃field integrated multi⁃party governance mechanism,a skill growth cultivation mechanism,a"dual⁃zone linkage,dual⁃party co⁃management"collaborative education mechanism,and a"multi⁃dimensional and multi⁃faceted"formative evaluation mechanism.

关 键 词：职业学校 本质属性 责任边界 实习场 教学属性 产教融合 

分 类 号：G717[文化科学—职业技术教育学]