基于化学成分相似性的三七花及根茎对高脂血症大鼠降血脂活性的研究  

Lipid-lowering activity of Panax notoginseng flowers and rhizomes on hyperlipidemia rats based on chemical composition similarity

作　　者：叶萌 马锦雯 钟海月 徐玉玲[1,2] YE Meng;MA Jin-wen;ZHONG Hai-yue;XU Yu-ling(School of Pharmacy,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Antiviral Chinese Medicine Industrialization Engineering Technology Research Center,Chengdu 610106,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学药学院,四川成都610106 [2]四川省抗病毒中药产业化工程技术研究中心,四川成都610106

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第3期776-786,共11页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：2024—2026年高等教育人才培养质量和教学改革项目(JZW202406);成都大学CC国家众创空间2024年度创新创业教育专项(ccyg202401002);成都大学师德师风建设示范项目(22号)。

摘　　要：基于三七花与根茎化学成分相似性,研究二者对大鼠的降血脂作用及对肠道菌群的影响。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)技术,对三七花与根茎的主要成分进行检测,比较二者化学成分的相似性;采用高脂饲料诱导大鼠高脂血症模型,造模成功后分为空白对照组,空白给药组(0.090 g·kg^(-1)),模型组,三七花低(0.045 g·kg^(-1))、中(0.090 g·kg^(-1))、高剂量组(0.180 g·kg^(-1)),三七根茎组(0.270 g·kg^(-1)),辛伐他汀组(0.900 mg·kg^(-1)),连续灌胃3周,每日1次,定期记录大鼠体质量;末次给药前,采集大鼠新鲜粪便,通过16S rDNA高通量测序技术分析大鼠肠道菌群变化;末次给药1.0 h后1%戊巴比妥钠麻醉大鼠,腹主动脉取血,通过全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清生化指标;取心、肝、脾、肺、肾,计算脏器指数,通过苏木精-伊红(HE)染色和油红O染色观察肝组织病理状况。结果显示,三七花与根茎有33个相同化学成分,占总化学成分的75.00%;三七花高剂量组、三七根茎组对大鼠体质量、血清生化指标和肝组织病理状况的影响相同;与模型组相比,三七花高剂量组、三七根茎组的厚壁菌门和放线菌门丰度增加,拟杆菌门和热脱硫杆菌门丰度减小;聚类分析显示二者无差异。结果表明,三七花与根茎具有相似的化学成分,二者均有降血脂作用,且能够调节高脂血症所致的大鼠肠道菌群失调,均可用于高脂血症的治疗。Based on the similarity of chemical constituents between Panax notoginseng flowers and rhizomes,this study investigated their lipid-lowering effects and impacts on the intestinal flora of rats.The main components of P.notoginseng flowers and rhizomes were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)to compare their chemical similarities.A hyperlipidemia rat model was induced using a high-fat diet.After successful modeling,the rats were divided into the blank control group,blank administration group(0.090 g·kg^(-1)),model group,low-(0.045 g·kg^(-1)),medium-(0.090 g·kg^(-1)),high-dose(0.180 g·kg^(-1))P.notoginseng flower group,P.notoginseng rhizome group(0.270 g·kg^(-1)),and simvastatin group(0.900 mg·kg^(-1)).After modeling,the rats were given intragastric administration for 3 weeks,once daily,while their body weight was recorded regularly.Before the last administration,fresh feces were collected for analysis of changes in intestinal flora using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology.One hour after the last administration,the rats were anesthetized with 1%pentobarbital sodium,and blood was collected from the abdominal aorta.Serum biochemical indexes were detected using an automatic biochemical analyzer.Organs(heart,liver,spleen,lung,and kidney)were harvested,and organ index were calculated.Liver tissue pathology was assessed through HE staining and oil red O staining.The results indicated that there were 33 identical chemical constituents in P.notoginseng flowers and rhizomes,accounting for 75.00%of the total constituents.After treatment,high-dose P.notoginseng flower group and P.notoginseng rhizome group exhibited similar effects on body weight,serum biochemical indexes,and liver histopathological conditions.Compared with model control group,the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria increased in high-dose P.notoginseng flower and rhizome groups,while the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Thermodesulfobacteria decreased.Cluster

关 键 词：三七花 三七 高脂血症 降血脂 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]