疆域一体与文化融通:明朝时期中华民族稳固壮大的重要特征  

Territorial Integration and Cultural Integration:The Development Characteristics of the Chinese Nation During the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：狄鸿旭[1] DI Hong-xu(School of Marxism,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学马克思主义学院,北京100081

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2025年第1期68-75,共8页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“坚持正确的中华民族历史观研究”(项目编号:22&ZD210);中央民族大学青年学术团队引领计划“新中国中华民族共同体建设历史经验研究”(项目编号:2023QNYL10)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明代,中华民族发展处于“稳固壮大”的时期。对此,可以从“疆域一体”与“文化融通”两方面把握。“疆域一体”主要表现为明朝通过多种治理形式,稳定了元以来中华民族的生息环境;在思想观念方面承续元朝的正统观、华夷一体的天下观、华夷无间的华夷观,深化了生境之内各民族的共同体意识;环境和观念的一体性,推动社会经济交往交流交融,因之而成的贸易与社会网络,巩固了疆域的一体性特征。“文化融通”体现在主导中华文化的儒家思想创新发展,并不断实现儒释道的融汇和多向度的文化交流融通。同时,明朝时期的伊儒会通、西儒会通也是文化融通的重要表现。文化在深入民众民间进一步融通的基础上,广泛扩展到边疆区域,塑造中华文明特性。疆域一体特征的强化,奠定了中华民族稳固壮大的物质基础,文化融通特征的凸显,为中华民族提供了精神文化方面的支持力量,初步形成了共同体的实体与观念边界。在中华民族稳固壮大过程中,明朝通过航海、商贸、文化等交流,也深刻参与了世界历史塑造。The development of the Chinese nation in the Ming Dynasty was in a period of "steady growth". This can be grasped from two aspects: "territorial integration" and "cultural integration". "Territorial integration" is manifested in the fact that the Ming Dynasty stabilized the living environment of the Chinese nation since the Yuan Dynasty through a variety of forms of governance;In terms of ideology and concepts, it inherits the orthodox view of the Yuan Dynasty, the concept of the world of Huayi integration, and the Huayi concept of Huayi, and deepens the sense of community of all ethnic groups in the habitat. The integration of environment and ideas promotes the integration of social and economic exchanges, and the resulting trade and social networks consolidate the unity of the territory. "Cultural integration" is embodied in the innovative development of Confucianism, which dominates Chinese culture, and continuously realizes the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism and multi-dimensional cultural exchanges. At the same time, the Ming Dynasty's Yiru Huitong and Western Confucianism were also important manifestations of cultural integration. In the process of integration, culture has shown the characteristics of penetrating deep into the people, and thus has been widely extended to the border areas, shaping the characteristics of Chinese civilization. During the Ming Dynasty, the strengthening of the characteristics of territorial integration laid the material foundation for the stability and growth of the Chinese nation, and the prominence of the characteristics of cultural integration provided the Chinese nation with cultural and spiritual support, and initially formed the physical and conceptual boundaries of the community in resisting the globalization and colonial aggression of capitalist development in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.In the process of the steady growth of the Chinese nation, the Ming Dynasty also deeply participated in the shaping of world history through navigation, commerce,

关 键 词：明朝 中华民族 疆域一体 文化融通 

分 类 号：D633[政治法律—政治学]