长开距真空断路器永磁电机操动机构的仿真设计与优化  

Simulation Design and Optimization of Permanent-magnet-motor Operating Mechanism for Vacuum Circuit Breaker with Long Clearance

作　　者：丁璨 李进其 丁奕灵 王周琳 DING Can;LI Jinqi;DING Yiling;WANG Zhoulin(College of Electrical Engineering&New Energy,China Three Gorges University,Hubei Yichang 443002,China;State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学电气与新能源学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高压电器》2025年第3期19-26,共8页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目资助(500-202222119A-1-1-ZN);电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室开放课题项目资助(EIPE23211)。

摘　　要：永磁电机操动机构具有控制简单灵活的优点,同时也有分合闸时间较长、容易振动产生噪声等缺点,因此需要对电机进行优化设计。通常对电机参数优化需要进行大量的有限元仿真计算,耗费大量的时间和计算机资源。针对以上问题,为了降低断路器的分合闸时间和减小电机的振动,同时可以快速对电机进行优化设计,文中首先建立了永磁电机的仿真模型,基于中心复合实验的方法积累样本,然后以极弧系数、永磁体厚度、定子槽口宽度、气隙长度为输入参数,分合闸时间和齿槽转矩作为输出参数训练BP神经网络模型,使该神经网络能够对分合闸时间以及转矩进行较好的预测;最后将BP神经网络与遗传算法相结合,通过NSGA-Ⅱ算法对驱动电机的结构参数进行多目标优化设计。电机优化后的分合闸时间降低了12.94 ms,齿槽转矩减小了59.2%,较为明显的提高了电机操动机构的性能。The permanent-magnet-motor operating mechanism has the advantages of simple and flexible control and,at the same time,has the shortcomings of long opening and closing time,easy vibration and noise,therefore the motor needs design optimization.Usually,the optimization of motor parameters requires much finite element simulation calculation,which consumes much time and computer resources.In view of above problems,the simulation model of permanent magnet motor is firstly set up in this paper in order to reduce the opening and closing time of the circuit breaker as well reduce the vibration of the motor and,at the same time,perform fast speed optimization of the motor.The samples are accumulated based on the method of center compound experiment.Then,the polar arc coefficient,permanent magnet thickness,stator notch width and spherical gap length are taken as input parameters,and the opening and closing time as well as groove torque are taken as output parameters to train the BP neural network model so that the neural network can predict the opening and closing time and torque better.Finally,the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is used to optimize the structural parameters of the drive motor by way of combining BP neural network with genetic algorithm.The opening and closing time of the the motor after optimization is reduced by 12.94 ms,and the groove torque is reduced by 59.2%,which significantly improves performance of the motorized operating mechanism.

关 键 词：永磁电机 操动机构 BP神经网络 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TM561.2[电气工程—电器] TM351