孤独症谱系障碍儿童家庭环境和行为问题与神经心理发育的相关性  

Relationship between Family Environment and Behavioral Problems and Neuropsychological Development of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

作　　者：王思嘉 吴娟 张瑶 WANG Si-jia;WU Juan;ZHANG Yao

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军空军军医大学第一附属医院,西安710032

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2025年第2期218-220,共3页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的探寻孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童神经心理发育与家庭环境、行为问题的关联。方法以2021年4月~2023年4月空军军医大学第一附属医院128例ASD儿童为实验组,42例健康儿童为对照组。运用3~6岁城市儿童家庭养育环境量表评估家庭环境;运用困难与长处问卷评估患儿行为问题;以Gesell发育量表评估患儿神经心理发育,并用Pearson相关系数分析相关性。结果ASD患儿神经心理发育迟缓多样。实验组与对照组在Gesell发育量表各能区评分、家庭环境、行为问题评分差异显著(P<0.05)。家庭养育环境与神经心理发育呈正相关,消极因素呈负相关。行为问题量表评分与神经心理发育呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论ASD儿童神经心理发育与积极家庭环境正相关,与消极家庭环境、行为问题负相关。Objective To explore the associations among the neuropsychological development,family environment and behavioral problems of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods From April 2021 to April 2023,128 children with ASD from the Military Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University were selected as the experimental group,and 42 healthy children were taken as the control group.Using the Family Rearing Environment Scale for Urban Children Aged 3-6 to evaluate the family environment;The Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire(SDQ)was administered to assess behavioral problems while the Gesell Developmental Schedules was used to evaluate neuropsychological development.The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations.Results There were various degrees of neuropsychological development delay in children with ASD.There were significant differences in the scores of each functional area of the Gesell Developmental Schedules,family environment,the behavioral problem assessment scales between the experimental group and the control group(P<0.05).Family rearing environment was positively correlated with neuropsychological development,while negative factors were negatively correlated.The scores of the behavioral problem scales were negatively correlated with neuropsychological development(P<0.05).Conclusions The neuropsychological development of children with ASD is positively correlated with a positive family environment,and negatively correlated with a negative family environment and behavioral problems.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 家庭环境 行为问题 神经心理发育 

分 类 号：G49[文化科学—教育学]