泰安市1236名学龄前儿童患龋情况及其影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influencing factors of caries in 1236 preschool children in Tai'an City

作　　者：姜明凯[1] 齐骥 JIANG Ming-kai;QI Ji(General Dentistry,Tai'an Stomatological Hospital,Tai'an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市口腔医院综合科,271000 [2]山东第一医科大学第二附属医院儿科,271000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2025年第4期49-52,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解泰安市学龄前儿童患龋情况及其影响因素,为当地儿童的龋病防治提供参考依据。方法选取泰安市区7所幼儿园共1236名儿童进行龋病检查,并对家长进行问卷调查。比较不同年龄、性别儿童的患龋情况,不同口腔卫生行为习惯儿童的患龋情况,不同家长口腔卫生知识掌握情况儿童的患龋情况,分析学龄前儿童患龋的影响因素。结果1236名儿童中,共有775名儿童患有龋病,患龋率为62.70%,其中3.5~4.5岁儿童患龋率为45.88%,4.6~5.5岁儿童患龋率为60.60%,5.6~6.5岁儿童患龋率为72.66%,患龋率随年龄增长而逐渐升高,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男童与女童患龋率分别为63.29%及62.02%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。回收有效问卷1218份,其中共有770名儿童患有龋病。调查问卷结果显示,不同食用甜食次数、是否睡前刷牙、不同断夜奶时间、不同口腔检查情况、是否涂氟预防儿童的患龋率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同家长口腔卫生知识掌握情况儿童的患龋率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、食用甜食次数、睡前刷牙、断夜奶时间、涂氟预防、家长口腔卫生知识掌握情况是学龄前儿童患龋的影响因素(OR=1.707、2.205、1.410、3.725、1.608、1.210,P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童患龋率高,年龄、食用甜食次数、睡前刷牙、断夜奶时间、涂氟预防、家长口腔卫生知识掌握情况是学龄前儿童患龋的影响因素,应加强儿童家长口腔卫生知识的培训,建立儿童良好的饮食习惯及口腔卫生行为,定期进行口腔检查,从而降低儿童患龋风险。Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of caries in preschool children in Tai'an City and provide reference for caries prevention in local children.Methods A total of 1236 prechildren from 7 kindergartens in Tai'an city were selected for caries examination,and their parents were surveyed by questionnaire.Comparison of caries in children of different ages and genders;caries prevalence in children with different oral hygiene habits;caries prevalence in children with different parental knowledge of oral hygiene;analysis of the influencing factors of caries in preschool children.Results Among 1236 children,775 children suffered from caries,with a prevalence of caries of 62.70%,of which 45.88%were 3.5-4.5 years old,60.60%were 4.6-5.5 years old,and 72.66%were 5.6-6.5 years old,and the prevalence of caries increased with age,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The prevalence of caries in boys and girls were 63.29%and 62.02%,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).1218 valid questionnaires were collected,of which 770 children had caries.The results of the questionnaire showed that there were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of caries among children with different times of eating sweets,brushing at bedtime,time of weaning from nighttime milk,different oral examinations,and giving fluoride prophylaxis(P<0.05).The prevalence of caries in children with different parental knowledge of oral hygiene was compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,number of eating sweets,brushing at bedtime,time of weaning from nighttime milk,fluoride prophylaxis,and parental knowledge of oral hygiene were the factors influencing caries in preschool children(OR=1.707,2.205,1.410,3.725,1.608,1.210;P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of caries in preschool children is high.Age,number of eating sweets,brushing at bedtime,time of weaning from nighttime milk,fluoride prophylaxis,and parental knowledg

关 键 词：龋病 儿童 口腔卫生 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]