A review on dissolved organic matter derived from biochar in soil:Characterizations,interaction with pollutants,and transformation  

土壤中生物炭溶解有机质的研究进展:表征、污染物相互作用及转化

作　　者：ZHANG Xiu-xiu NAN Hong-yan LIU Gong-gang SHOW Pau-Loke WANG Chong-qing 张秀秀;南红岩;刘贡钢;SHOW Pau-Loke;王重庆(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface and Interface Science and Technology,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Department of Chemical Engineering,Khalifa University,P.O.Box 127788,Abu Dhabi,United Arab Emirates)

机构地区：[1]School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China [2]Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface and Interface Science and Technology,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China [3]Department of Chemical Engineering,Khalifa University,P.O.Box 127788,Abu Dhabi,United Arab Emirates

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2025年第1期122-148,共27页中南大学学报(英文版)

基　　金：Project(2020YFC1908802)supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China。

摘　　要：Biochar-derived dissolved organic matter(BCDOM),an essential component of biochar,plays a vital role in regulating the physicochemical and biological properties of soils during biochar application.However,the influence of BCDOM on soil organisms has not been clearly explained.Hence,this review aims to discuss the factors affecting BCDOM and its interaction with soil substances including organic pollutants,heavy metals,and microorganisms.Results displayed that the quantity of BCDOM ranges from 0.17 to 37.03 mg/g,which was influenced by feedstock,preparation methods of biochar,and extraction methods.With the decrease in lignin content of feedstocks,carbonization temperature,and acidity of extraction solution,the content of BCDOM increased.Through complexation and adsorption,protein-like components in BCDOM interact with heavy metals,promoting the adsorption and immobilization of heavy metals onto biochar.Furthermore,BCDOM enhances the adsorption of organic pollutants by biochar throughπ−πinteractions,hydrogen bonding,and redox processes.More importantly,BCDOM promotes plant growth by enhancing microbial activities,providing nutrients,and improving soil properties.However,the transport and fate of BCDOM in soil have not been well studied,and more researches are needed to explore the interaction mechanisms between BCDOM and soil organisms.生物炭溶解有机质(BCDOM)是生物炭的重要组成部分,在生物炭应用过程中对土壤的物理化学和生物特性起着至关重要的调节作用。然而,BCDOM对土壤生物的影响尚未得到清晰的认识。因此,本综述对BCDOM的影响因素及其对土壤中物质(包括有机污染物、重金属离子、微生物等)的作用进行了讨论。结果表明,BCDOM受生物质原料、生物炭制备方法和溶解性有机质提取方法的影响,其含量在0.17~37.03 mg/g之间。随着原料中木质素含量、碳化温度和萃取液酸度的降低,BCDOM的含量增加。通过络合和吸附作用,BCDOM中的蛋白质类物质与重金属离子结合,促进重金属离子在生物炭上的吸附和固定。此外,BCDOM还能通过π-π相互作用、氢键和氧化还原反应等增强生物炭对有机污染物的吸附增强微生物活性、提供养分和改善土壤特性来促进植物的生长。然而,BCDOM在土壤中的迁移和转化还没有得到充分的研究,且需要更多的研究来探索BCDOM与土壤中生物之间的作用机制。

关 键 词：BIOCHAR dissolved organic matter heavy metals organic contaminants SOIL 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]