药食兼用真菌松脂皱皮孔菌的生物学特性和抗氧化活性  

Biological characteristics and antioxidant activities of both medicinal and edible Ischnoderma resinosum

作　　者：叶祎璠 金灿 唐禄鑫 王豪 季盈仪 刘璐[1] 刘嘉诚 司静[1] YE Yifan;JIN Can;TANG Luxin;WANG Hao;JI Yingyi;LIU Lu;LIU Jiacheng;SI Jing(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《菌物学报》2025年第2期94-112,共19页Mycosystema

基　　金：北京市科技新星计划(20230484322);国家自然科学基金(32270016,32070016,32470002);北京林业大学“国家级大学生创新创业训练计划”(202410022109,202310022109)。

摘　　要：松脂皱皮孔菌Ischnoderma resinosum是一种药食兼用真菌,具有开发成为保健品的潜力。为了便于今后对此真菌的保护利用,对1株采自吉林省长白山的松脂皱皮孔菌进行生物学特性和抗氧化活性的研究。在固体培养基上,采取单因素试验、正交试验及Box-Behnken设计对其菌丝在不同碳源、氮源、无机盐、pH和温度的长势进行研究,明确最适生长条件;通过液体发酵培养,采取分光光度法针对抗氧化活性的多个指标进行了测定。结果显示通过5个因子的单因素试验,明确了松脂皱皮孔菌的最适生长条件:以蔗糖为碳源、麦芽浸粉为氮源、KH_(2)PO_(4)为无机盐、pH 6.0、温度25℃;经正交试验得出对松脂皱皮孔菌菌丝生长速度的影响依次为:氮源>碳源>pH>无机盐;Box-Behnken设计成功确定了影响松脂皱皮孔菌菌丝生长速度关键因子的水平;通过液体培养发现,松脂皱皮孔菌能够大量分泌多糖、多酚和抗坏血酸,并表现出超氧化物歧化酶活性和清除羟自由基的能力。本研究表明适宜松脂皱皮孔菌菌丝生长的最适培养条件为蔗糖20.0 g/L、麦芽浸粉13.0 g/L、KH_(2)PO_(4)0.7 g/L、pH 5.0、温度25℃,菌丝生长速度达到(12.07±0.11)mm/d;通过对液体培养过程中各指标的测定,证实了松脂皱皮孔菌具有抗氧化活性。The polypore Ischnoderma resinosum is both medicinal and edible,having potential to be developed as health foods.The biological characteristics and antioxidant activities of a I.resinosum strain collected from Changbai Mts.,Jilin Province were studied.The ideal conditions for the mycelial growth of I.resinosum,including optimal carbon and nitrogen sources,inorganic salts,pH,and temperature,were systematically tested through single-factor and orthogonal experiments as well as Box-Behnken design under solid-state cultivation.Some indexes for its antioxidant activities were measured by spectrophotometry during liquid cultivation.Single-factor experiment results indicated that sucrose,malt extract,and KH_(2)PO_(4) were the most favorable carbon source,nitrogen source,and inorganic salt,respectively,for the mycelial growth,particularly at pH 6.0 and temperature of 25℃.Further orthogonal test displayed that the impact extent on the mycelial growth rate were ranked as nitrogen source>carbon source>pH>inorganic salt.The levels of the main factors that affect the mycelial growth rate were authenticated by the Box-Behnken design.I.resinosum could produce substantial quantities of polysaccharides,polyphenols,and ascorbic acids as well as possessed superoxide dismutase activities and the abilities to scavenge hydroxyl radicals,as observation under liquid culture.The optimal medium for mycelial growth were sucrose 20.0 g/L,malt extract 13.0 g/L,and KH_(2)PO_(4)0.7 g/L.Under pH 5.0 and 25℃,the mycelial growth rate was(12.07±0.11)mm/d.I.resinosum antioxidant activity was confirmed by determination of several indexes in the liquid cultivation.

关 键 词：药食兼用真菌 松脂皱皮孔菌 生物学特性 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]