明末清初的思想转向及其意义——重提萧萐父先生“人的重新发现”说  

An Intellectual Shift in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties and Its Historical Significance: Revisiting Xiao Jiefu's Thesis on the ‘Rediscovery of Humanity’

作　　者：冯达文[1] Wang Keyou Feng Dawen(the Department of Philosophy at Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系,广东广州510275 [2]the School of Foreign Languages and Literature at Shandong University

出　　处：《孔学堂》2024年第3期52-60,166-179,共23页Confucian Academy

摘　　要：孔子、孟子从情感引申出价值信念。汉唐儒家建构宇宙论、宋明儒家建构本体论,以图赋予价值信念以客观绝对的意义,但同时也使之异在化、彼岸化与神圣化了。明末清初思潮变迁的意义在于,借对价值过分异在化的反省,让人回落到带着身体感受在世生活的成败得失,伴随着喜怒与哀乐,那是真实的“人的重新发现”及其对过分追逐地知识理性的反省,更有着守护人与人的生存世界的终极意义。The Confucian concept of values began with the discussion of human feelings in the time of Confucius and Mencius.Later Confucians during the Han and Tang dynasties came up with a cosmology.Song and Ming Confucians put forth theories on the original substance of mind and human nature,investing Confucian values with an objective and absolute authority.At the same time,their elevation of Confucian metaphysics alienated and isolated it from human existence.This shift came to a halt at the turn of the Ming and Qing dynasties,when scholars began to reflect on the excessive alienation of values and returned their attention to the loss and gain of secular life,accompanied by pleasure,anger,sorrow,and joy.This shift of thought was known as the"rediscovery of humanity."Their reflections cared for the human world of individuals in real existence and ultimately preserved the meaning of the human personality against the corrosive effect of epistemic rationality.

关 键 词：萧萐父 宇宙论 本体论 明末清初思潮 泰州学派 

分 类 号：B248[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B249