历史书写与在场性问题——以《春秋》《左传》《系年》《史记》等早期经典为例  

Historical Writing and the Issue of Presence:A Case Study of Early Classics such as Spring and Autumn Annals(Chunqiu),Zuo Zhuan(Zuozhuan),Xi Nian,and Shi Ji

作　　者：彭华[1] Peng Hua

机构地区：[1]四川大学古籍整理研究所,四川成都610064

出　　处：《社会科学战线》2025年第2期159-171,282,共14页Social Science Front

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD133);国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目(22FZXA002)。

摘　　要：西方哲学在经历“在场性转向”之后所讨论的“在场”与“不在场”,类似于中国哲学所讨论的“阳”与“阴”。如果将这种哲学思辨引入经学、史学之中,便会产生对历史事实、历史记忆以及历史书写的思考,而“记载”(“书”)或“不记载”(“不书”)的问题便得以凸显。《春秋》《左传》《系年》《史记》等早期经典,兼有“事”“文”“义”,而其中所体现的“义”更值得关注。由“文”而入“事”而入“义”,有限制的“想象”(“想见”)是必不可少的。“记载”与“不记载”以及“在场”与“不在场”,直接关涉中国人互补的“二分对比”思维模式。研究者在极力“还原历史”的过程中,也应该多关注“历史书写”,从而发现蕴含其中的“历史意义”。The concepts of“presence”and“absence”discussed in Western philosophy after the“turn to presence”are analogous to the“Yang”(阳)and“Yin”(阴)discussed in Chinese philosophy.If we apply this philo⁃sophical speculation to the study of classical texts and history,it leads to reflections on historical facts,histori⁃cal memory,and historical writing,with the issues of“recording”(书)or“not recording”(不书)becoming particularly prominent.Early classics such as Spring and Autumn Annals(Chunqiu),Zuo Zhuan(Zuozhuan),Xi Nian,and Shi Ji possess“facts”,“texts”,and“meanings”,with the“meaning”reflected in them warranting particular attention.Moving from“text”to“events”to“righteousness”(义),a restricted form of“imagination”(想见)is indispensable.The questions of“recording”and“not recording,”as well as“presence”and“absence,”are directly related to the complementary“binary oppositional”thinking mode of the Chinese.In our efforts to“restore history,”we should also focus more on“historical writing”to uncover the“historical significance”embedded within it.

关 键 词：历史书写 在场性 记载 不记载 早期经典 

分 类 号：K01[历史地理—历史学] K204