从病原角度探讨狭义伤寒的实质  

Discussion the essence of the narrowly-defined Shanghan from the perspective of pathogens

作　　者：吴正波 吴旸[2] 丁玄 王禹萌 刘洋[2] WU Zheng-bo;WU Yang;DING Xuan;WANG Yu-meng;LIU Yang(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Affiliated Dongfang Hospital to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学东方医院,北京100078

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2025年第1期114-117,共4页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81573900)。

摘　　要：伤寒在中医学中有两层含义,分别是广义的外感热病、狭义的感受寒邪。伤寒一词在近代曾被西医借用,特指沙门菌感染引起的传染性疾病。回溯《伤寒论》作者张仲景所处时代,东汉末年的连年战乱加之气候灾变,导致疫病流行,提示狭义伤寒所指“寒邪”可能泛指各类病原微生物。目前狭义伤寒实质学说主要有克罗米亚-刚果出血热说、流行性出血热说、流行性感冒说。此外,狭义伤寒与冠状病毒亦存在关联,狭义伤寒实质可能为多种传染病的集合,共性在于病原体诱发机体的炎症反应,六经传变理论能在后世验之于临床,可能与从狭义伤寒总结出的具有普适性的疾病-炎症演变规律有关。There are two meanings for Shanghan(Febrile diseases)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),namely the broad sense of exogenous febrile diseases and the narrow sense of cold damage.The term“Shanghan”had been borrowed by Western medicine in modern times,specifically referring to the infectious diseases caused by salmonella infection.Looking back at the era of Zhang Zhongjing,the author of Treatise on Febrile Diseases(Shang Han Lun),continuous wars and climate disasters in the late Eastern Han Dynasty triggered the spread of epidemics,which suggested that the narrowly-defined Shanghan may refer to various types of pathogenic microbes.Currently,the theory of Shanghan in the narrow sense mainly includes the doctrines of Cromia-Congo hemorrhagic fever,epidemic hemorrhagic fever,and influenza.In addition,there is also an association between coronavirus and Shanghan in the narrow sense.The narrowly-defined Shanghan may be a collection of various infectious diseases,the common features of which are the inflammatory response induced by pathogens in the body.As for the theory of six meridian transmission by Zhang Zhongjing,its application in clinical practice in later generations may be related to the universal disease-inflammatory evolution laws summarized from the narrowly-defined Shanghan.

关 键 词：病原 狭义伤寒 冠状病毒 疫病 张仲景 

分 类 号：R222[医药卫生—中医基础理论]