湖北省孕妇碘营养状况调查  

Survey on iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Hubei Province

作　　者：王震 张碧云[1] 胡永峰[3] 周从刚[4] 杨劲 李易 郭怀兰[2,7] 张勇[2] 雷金琳 Wang Zhen;Zhang Biyun;Hu Yongfeng;Zhou Conggang;Yang Jin;Li Yi;Guo Huailan;Zhang Yong;Lei Jinlin(Department of Endemic Diseases,Institute of Chronic Diseases,Hubei Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Public Health,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan 442000,China;Chronic Disease and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Section,Wuhan City Xinzhou District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Wuhan 430000,China;Chronic Disease and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Section,Ezhou City Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Ezhou 436000,China;Chronic Disease and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Section,Xianning City Tongcheng County Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Xianning 437000,China;Chronic Disease and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Section,Yichang City Xingshan County Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Yichang 443000,China;Center for Environment and Health Research,South-North Water Transfer Water Source Area,Hubei Medical College,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心慢病所地方病部,武汉430079 [2]湖北医药学院公共卫生与健康学院,十堰442000 [3]武汉市新洲区疾病预防控制中心慢性病地方病科,武汉430000 [4]鄂州市疾病预防控制中心慢性病地方病科,鄂州436000 [5]咸宁市通城县疾病预防控制中心慢性病地方病科,咸宁437000 [6]宜昌市兴山县疾病预防控制中心慢性病地方病科,宜昌443000 [7]湖北医药学院南水北调水源区环境与健康研究中心,十堰442000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2025年第1期25-29,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81372998);湖北医药学院公共卫生与健康学院“十四五”湖北省高等学校优势特色学科群(公共卫生与健康)项目(2022PHXKQ2);湖北医药学院公共卫生与健康学院《临床营养学》硕士点建设项目(X1203625)。

摘　　要：目的了解湖北省孕妇碘营养水平和甲状腺结节检出率,为碘缺乏病防治提供依据。方法根据《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)》要求,2020年7—10月选择湖北省2个山区县(通城县、兴山县)和2个平原地区(梁子湖区、新洲区)开展孕妇(n=321)碘营养状况横断面调查。其中,孕早、中、晚期孕妇分别为43、114、164人。采集家庭食用盐盐样、随机1次尿样,检测盐碘、尿碘;并进行甲状腺B型超声检查,计算甲状腺结节和甲状腺肿检出率。结果湖北省碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.69%(320/321)、95.94%(307/320)、95.64%(307/321);孕妇总体尿碘中位数为164.80μg/L。其中,梁子湖区、通城县、新洲区、兴山县孕妇尿碘中位数分别为175.90、178.25、155.80、143.00μg/L,不同地区孕妇尿碘水平比较,差异有统计学意义(H=8.51,P=0.037)。孕早、中、晚期孕妇尿碘中位数分别为187.20、144.45、172.05μg/L,不同孕期孕妇尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(H=2.94,P=0.230)。尿碘<150、150~<250、250~<500、≥500μg/L的占比分别为45.48%(146/321)、33.33%(107/321)、19.63%(63/321)、1.56%(5/321)。B型超声检查显示,甲状腺结节检出率为16.82%(54/321),甲状腺肿检出率为0.93%(3/321)。结论2020年湖北省孕妇总体处于碘适宜状态,但仍有相当比例的孕妇存在碘缺乏风险,甲状腺结节检出率较低。应持续动态监测孕妇碘营养状况,加强孕期碘缺乏危害健康宣传,尽量减少因碘缺乏所导致的母婴健康损害。Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition level and the prevalence of thyroid nodules in pregnant women in Hubei Province,and to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods According to the requirements of the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Monitoring Program(2016 Edition),a cross-sectional survey of iodine nutrition status of pregnant women(n=321)was conducted from July to October 2020 in two mountainous counties(Tongcheng County and Xingshan County)and two plain counties(Liangzihu District and Xinzhou District)in Hubei Province.Among them,there were 43,114,and 164 pregnant women in the early,middle,and late stages of pregnancy,respectively.Edible salt samples and once random urine samples were collected to detect salt iodine and urinary iodine,and thyroid ultrasound was performed to calculate the detection rate of thyroid nodules.Results The coverage rate of iodized salt,qualified rate of iodized salt,and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in Hubei Province were 99.69%(320/321),95.94%(307/320)and 95.64%(307/321),respectively.The median urinary iodine level for pregnant women was 164.80μg/L.Among them,the median urinary iodine levels in Liangzihu District,Tongcheng County,Xinzhou District,and Xingshan County were 175.90,178.25,155.80 and 143.00μg/L,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in urinary iodine levels among different regions(H=8.51,P=0.037).The median urinary iodine levels of pregnant women in the early,middle,and late stages of pregnancy were 187.20,144.45,and 172.05μg/L,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in urinary iodine levels among pregnant women in different stages of pregnancy(H=2.94,P=0.230).Urinary iodine<150,150-<250,250-<500,≥500μg/L accounted for 45.48%(146/321),33.33%(107/321),19.63%(63/321),1.56%(5/321),respectively.The detection rate of thyroid nodules was 16.82%(54/321),and the goiter rate was 0.93%(3/321).Conclusions In 2020,Hubei Province is in an appropriate state of iod

关 键 词：碘 盐类 孕妇 尿 甲状腺结节 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]