半纤维素基水凝胶的制备及应用研究进展  

State of the art in preparation and application of hemicellulose-based hydrogels

作　　者：吴美燕 余雪景 龚润竹 于光[2] 刘超[2] 唐艳军[1] 李滨[2] WU Meiyan;YU Xuejing;GONG Runzhu;YU Guang;LIU Chao;TANG Yanjun;LI Bin(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials,Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Biopress Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院,杭州310018 [2]中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所中国科学院生物基材料重点实验室,青岛266101

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2025年第2期1-12,共12页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22378367,22078306,U22A20423,22208358);浙江省领雁科技计划项目(2023C03157,2025C02204);宁波市重点研发计划项目(2022Z101,2023Z142);青岛市科技惠民示范专项(24-1-8-smjk-18-nsh,24-1-8-cspz-6-nsh)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着生物质精炼技术和材料科学的不断进步,利用可降解、可再生的木质纤维素资源构筑环境友好的水凝胶材料受到了广泛的关注。半纤维素是木质纤维原料的主要组分之一,是陆地上含量仅次于纤维素的可再生多糖。半纤维素来源广泛、成本低廉、生物相容性好,还含有大量亲水性的含氧基团,这种高度分支化和亲水性的特点,赋予其水凝胶材料许多优异的特性。半纤维素基水凝胶作为一种具有三维网络状结构的天然聚合物材料,具有良好的保水性、安全无毒、可生物降解、易于化学改性等优势;因此,其在生物医药、导电传感、环境保护等领域的应用前景十分广阔,有望代替传统的石油基水凝胶材料。笔者简要介绍了半纤维素的种类、结构、性质与提取方法,综述了近年来半纤维素基水凝胶的研究进展,包括从物理交联和化学交联两个方面介绍了半纤维素基水凝胶的制备方法、形成机理和应用性能,并重点阐述了半纤维素基水凝胶在高效吸附、药物控释、组织工程、导电传感、3D打印等领域的应用进展。最后,总结了半纤维素基水凝胶的开发与应用领域所面临的挑战,并展望了该水凝胶材料的应用前景和未来的研究方向。In recent years,with the continuous advancement of biomass refining technology and materials science,the use of biodegradable and renewable lignocellulosic resources to develop environmentally friendly hydrogel materials has gradually become a hot topic in both academic and industrial fields.Hemicellulose,one of the main components of lignocellulosic fibers,is a renewable polysaccharide,second only to cellulose on land.On the one hand,hemicellulose possesses the advantages of wide source,low cost,good biocompatibility,biodegradability,etc.On the other hand,it also contains a large number of hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups,which are highly branched,hydrophilic,easy to be modified,and endowed with many excellent properties of hydrogel materials.Thus,with the global targets of carbon emission peak reduction and carbon neutrality,hemicellulose is an ideal choice for the fabrication of advanced hydrogel materials.As natural polymer materials with a three-dimensional network structure,hemicellulose-based hydrogels have been attracting attention in the field of multifunctional materials due to the excellent water retention,safety,nontoxicity,biodegradability,ease of chemical modification and other unique properties.As a result,based on its structural characteristics,hemicellulose-based hydrogels have a broad application prospect in the fields of biomedicine,conductive sensor and environmental protection,and they are expected to replace the traditional petroleum-based hydrogels materials.This study primarily reviews research progress on hemicellulose-based hydrogels.It begins with an overview of the types,structures,properties and extraction methods of hemicellulose.Then,it systematically summarizes the preparation methods including both physical and chemical cross-linking,along with the formation mechanism and application properties of hemicellulose-based hydrogels.Moreover,the latest application progress of hemicellulose-based hydrogels in the fields of efficient adsorption and purification,controlled release of d

关 键 词：半纤维素 水凝胶 木聚糖 交联 生物降解 

分 类 号：O613.71[理学—无机化学] O648.17[理学—化学]