坐姿对办公椅座面体压分布及特征指标的影响  

Effect of sitting posture on the pressure distribution and characteristic indexes of office chair seat

作　　者：张适韫 申黎明 葛海林 李恒 ZHANG Shiyun;SHEN Liming;GE Hailin;LI Heng(College of Furnishing and Industrial Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Sunon Technology Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou 311227,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学家居与工业设计学院,南京210037 [2]圣奥科技股份有限公司,杭州311227

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2025年第2期196-202,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：浙江省质检系统质量技术基础建设项目(20180121)。

摘　　要：为研究不同坐姿对办公椅座面压力的影响规律,探索不同坐姿对不同人群的支撑效果,通过线上调研确定了办公人群最常使用的办公椅种类,并根据调研结果选取3把座面材料为“织物+填充物”、靠背材料为“单层布靠背”的办公椅为供试对象。测量22位不同体型(男女各11位)受试者在前倾坐姿、直立坐姿和后仰坐姿下的座面体压数据,将得到的198份体压数据导入Matlab软件中计算平均压力、最大压力、接触面积、平均压力梯度、最大压力梯度、压力指数和百分比面积指数并进行分析。结果表明:不同坐姿座面压力之间具有显著差异,后仰坐姿对人体的支撑效果最好,直立坐姿下座面支撑效果最差;偏胖体型人群在前倾坐姿下座面高压力阈值接触面积百分比最大,中等体型人群在直立坐姿下座面高压力阈值接触面积百分比最大,因此前倾坐姿下座面对偏胖人群的支撑效果最差,直立坐姿下座面对中等体型人群的支撑效果最差;相同坐姿下座面对女性的支撑效果更好,但女性在前倾坐姿下座面高压力阈值接触面积百分比最大,男性直立坐姿下高压力阈值接触面积百分比最大,因此前倾坐姿下座面对女性的支撑效果差,直立坐姿下座面对男性的支撑效果差。研究成果可用于办公椅座面支撑性评价,并为不同办公人群选择健康办公坐姿提供依据。The impact of sitting posture on comfort is crucial.To study the influence of various sitting postures on seat pressure in office chairs and explore how different sitting postures support various groups of people,the most commonly used office chairs were identified through online research.Based on the survey results,three experimental office chairs were selected for this study.The seated body pressure data of 22 subjects with different body types were measured in the forward sitting,upright seating and backward sitting positions.The resulting 198 body pressure data were imported into Matlab software for analysis.Metrics such as mean pressure,maximum pressure,contact area,mean pressure gradient,maximum pressure gradient,pressure index,and percent area index(%PAI)were calculated and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences between the seat pressures in different sitting positions.The reclining sitting position had the best support effect on the human body and upright seating was the worst.The percentage of contact area with high pressure threshold on the seat surface was the largest in the obese body type under the forward sitting position.The percentage of contact area with high pressure threshold on the seat surface was the highest in the middle-sized population under the upright sitting position.Therefore,the support effect of the seat face was the worst for the obese people in the forward sitting and was the worst for the middle-sized people in upright seating.The same sitting position provided better support effect for females.For women,the percentage of high-pressure threshold contact area was the largest in the forward sitting position,whereas for men,it was the largest in the upright sitting position.This indicated that the seat provided the worst support for women in the forward sitting position and the worst support for men in the upright sitting position.The research results can be used to evaluate the support of office chair seats and offer a basis for different office groups

关 键 词：办公椅 体压分布 坐姿 体型 性别 

分 类 号：TB18[一般工业技术]