夏县大风特征及对设施大棚影响区划分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics of Gale and its Disaster Risk Zoning of Facility Greenhouses in Xia County

作　　者：刘俸霞 臧慧锋 魏海茹 旷兰 廖伟雄 刘可欣 LIU Fengxia;ZANG Huifeng;WEI Hairu;KUANG lan;LIAO Weixiong;LIU Kexin(Meteorological Bureau of Wansheng Economic and Technological Development Zone in Chongqing,Wansheng 400800,China;Meteorological Bureau of Xia County,Yuncheng 044400,China;Meteorological Bureau of Yuncheng,Yuncheng 044000,China;Meteorological Bureau of Qijiang District in Chongqing,Qijiang 401420,China;Meteorological Bureau of Zhongxian,Zhongxian 404300,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市万盛经开区气象局,重庆万盛400800 [2]山西省夏县气象局,山西夏县044400 [3]山西省运城市气象局,山西运城044000 [4]重庆市綦江区气象局,重庆綦江401420 [5]重庆市忠县气象局,重庆忠县404300

出　　处：《黑龙江环境通报》2025年第3期40-42,共3页Heilongjiang Environmental Journal

基　　金：运城市气象局科研基金项目(YCQX202319);重庆市气象部门青年基金项目(QNJJ-202317)。

摘　　要：基于夏县国家站1994—2023年,以及8个区域站2015—2023年的大风资料,采用线性回归、IDW等方法分析了大风的年、季、月特征及其对设施大棚影响的风险区划。结果表明:1)1994—2023年夏县大风日数共98d,总体呈现减少趋势,气候倾向率为-0.4d/10a,1990s-—2010s减少幅度为1.1d/10a。2)大风天气过程多出现在春季,占大风总日数的64.3%,秋季最少,仅占10.2%。3)大风日数月变化呈双峰型:1—3月增加,4—8月回落,9—11月又上升,12月再减少。3月大风频率最高,占全年的29.6%,1月近30a未出现过大风。4)设施大棚风灾风险呈中部高东西低的分布格局,主要是因为气流越过中条山脉在其陡峭的西坡倾泻而下产生了强烈的下击气流。This study analyzes the annual,seasonal,and monthly characteristics of gale days and their disaster risk zoning for facility greenhouses in Xiaxian based on gale data from the national basic meteorological observing station in Xiaxian (1994- 2023) and eight regional weather stations (2015-2023) using linear regression and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) methods. The results indicate that: (1) From 1994 to 2023,Xiaxian experienced a total of 98 gale days with an overall decreasing trend,with a climate tendency rate of -0.4 days per decade. The reduction range from the 1990s to the 2010s was 1.1 days per decade. (2) Gale events are most common in spring,accounting for 64.3% of total gale days,and least common in autumn,accounting for only 10.2%. (3) The monthly variation of gale days shows a bimodal pattern,with an increase from January to March,a decline from April to August,another rise from September to November,and a decrease in December. March has the highest frequency of gale days,accounting for 29.6% of the year,while no gale days were recorded in January over the past 30 years. (4) The risk of gale disasters in facility greenhouses follows a spatial distribution pattern with high risk in the middle and low risk in the east and west,primarily due to the strong downdraft generated by the airflow flowing over the steep western slope of the Zhongtiao Mountains.

关 键 词：大风日数 特征分析 风险区划 设施大棚 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]