建筑物及地形对小尺度扩散影响的风洞实验研究  

The study of wind tunnel experiment on the radioactive materialtransmission in small scale with building and terrain

作　　者：张芳[1] 范丹[1] 郭占杰[1] 吕明华[1] 黄莎[1] 李云鹏 张俊芳[1] ZHANG Fang;FAN Dan;GUO Zhanjie;LV Minghua;HUANG Sha;LI Yunpeng;ZHANG Junfang(China Institute for Radiation Protection,CNNC Key Laboratory for Radiation Protection Technology,Taiyuan 030006)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院中核核环境模拟与评价技术重点实验室,太原030006

出　　处：《辐射防护》2025年第2期149-156,共8页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：本文针对典型滨海核电厂址开展小尺度范围内风洞模拟实验研究,研究了小尺度范围内建筑物群及地形对局地流场及扩散的影响。风洞实验模型缩比为1∶600,通过调整风廓线、湍强廓线及排放参数保证了物理模型与原型的相似。实验研究了在年均风速及小风条件下建筑物和地形对流场的扰动,研究结果表明,在WNW~ESE风向轴线上,由于建筑物影响引起速度亏损和湍流强度增大,选择建筑物周围不同方位的测量点位置进行测量,可见不同的速度亏损与湍流强度变化。以烟囱和地面不同释放高度进行了年均风和小风条件的示踪实验,年均风条件下,烟囱排放时ESE风向轴向最大弥散因子为4.05×10^(-5)s/m^(3),轴向最大弥散因子的出现距离在240 m;近地面排放时轴向最大弥散因子为4.79×10^(-3)s/m^(3),轴向最大弥散因子的出现距离在45 m。A wind tunnel experimental study was performed in small scale for representative nuclear power plant site.The influence of buildings and terrain to radioactive material diffusion in the near field was studied.The model rate is 1∶600,and the similar demand of model and physical prototype is satisfied by correcting profile of wind and turbulence.6 wind directions were studied for disturbing of building and terrain to horizontal and vertical flow field under condition of the annual average wind speed and light wind speed.The experimental results show that the wind speed is deficit and turbulence intensity is improved in WNW to ESE axis wind direction.The different sample sites have different impact to wind speed and turbulence intensity.The distribution of stack emission and ground-level emission in ground axis were different in the condition of annual mean wind speed and light wind speed.The axial maximum diffusion factor is 4.05×10^(-5)s/m^(3)under stack emission condition,and the distance presented is 240 m.The axial maximum diffusion factor is 4.79×10^(-3)s/m^(3)under ground emission condition,and the distance presented is 45 m.

关 键 词：风洞 小尺度 建筑物 小风条件 

分 类 号：X169[环境科学与工程—环境科学]