渣油丙烷脱沥青窄馏分微观结构与黏度及黏-流活化能的构效关系  

Structure-Activity Relationship Between Microstructure and Viscosity and Visco-Flow Activation Energy of Narrow Fractions From Residual Oil Propane Deasphalting

作　　者：吴偲 范思远 王兆程 宋乐春 WU Cai;FAN Siyuan;WANG Zhaocheng;SONG Lechun(SINOPEC(Dalian)Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116045,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(大连)石油化工研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116045

出　　处：《石油学报(石油加工)》2025年第2期561-572,共12页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司课题(121024-1)基金资助。

摘　　要：采用丙烷脱沥青技术将国内外4种典型渣油进行窄馏分分离,以质量分数5%的收率切割,最终得到6个脱沥青油(DAO)窄馏分。通过元素分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)来表征渣油及其窄馏分的官能团、相对分子质量、环结构和支链结构等微观结构特征,并测定其在不同温度下的黏度,根据Arrhenius方程计算出黏-流活化能(E_(a)),进而探究窄馏分微观结构与黏度及黏-温性质之间的构效关系。结果表明:窄馏分的黏度及E_(a)是各种分子间作用力共同作用的结果,多元线性回归分析(R_(2)>0.93,Sig<0.05,P<0.05,|t|>2)证实了重均相对分子质量(M w)、羰基指数(I C=O)、亚砜指数(I S=O)、芳碳率(f A)、环烷碳率(f N)、侧链长度(L)和支化度(BI)等7种微观结构参数与黏度及E_(a)的关联程度较高,且I C=O、M w、f N和L等4种结构参数对黏度的影响最大,其影响按由大到小顺序为I C=O>M w>f N>L;M w、I C=O、BI和I S=O对E_(a)的影响最大,其影响按由大到小顺序为M w>I C=O>BI>I S=O。Propane deasphalting technology was used for separating the narrow fractions of four typical residual oils at home and abroad,and six deasphalted oil(DAO)narrow fractions were finally obtained after cutting,with a yield of 5%.The microstructures of residual oil and its narrow fractions,including functional group,relative molecular mass,ring structure and branched chain structure,were characterized by elemental analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gel permeation chromatography(GPC)and proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR),viscosity measurements were conducted at different temperatures,and visco-flow activation energy(E_(a))was calculated in accordance with the Arrhenius equation in order to investigate the structure-activity relationship between microstructure and viscosity and visco-temperature properties of narrow fractions.The results show that the viscosity and E_(a)of narrow fractions are determined by the synergetic interactions among various intermolecular forces.Multiple linear regression analysis(R_(2)>0.93,Sig<0.05,P<0.05,|t|>2)has confirmed that the viscosity and E_(a)are highly relevant to 7 microstructure parameters,including weight mean relative molecular mass(M w),carbonyl index(I C=O),sulfoxide index(I S=O),aromaticity index(f A),naphthenic carbon index(f N),side chain length(L)and branching index(BI);four structural parameters of I C=O,M w,f N and L have the greatest influence on the viscosity,and the sequence of influence factors is presented as I C=O>M w>f N>L.In addition,M w,I C=O,BI and I S=O have the greatest influence on E_(a),and the sequence of influence is expressed as M w>I C=O>BI>I S=O.

关 键 词：渣油 溶剂脱沥青 黏度 黏-流活化能 微观结构 多元线性回归 

分 类 号：O656.4[理学—分析化学]