灵芝防治神经退行性疾病的药理作用研究进展  

Research progress of pharmacological effects of Ganoderma on prevention and treatment of neurodegene-rative diseases

作　　者：迟羽淳 蒋鑫 卢芳[1] 刘树民[1] CHI Yuchun;JIANG Xin;LU Fang;LIU Shumin(Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Heilongjiang Province,Harbin150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学中医药研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2025年第5期47-51,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81774188)。

摘　　要：神经退行性疾病发病机制复杂,以不同程度的认知和行动障碍为主要临床表现,其发病率逐年上升且尚无有效的治疗手段,严重威胁着老年人群的健康,并对社会经济造成沉重负担。灵芝最早记载于《神农本草经》,被列为上品,药食两用且历史悠久,具有补气安神、止咳平喘功效。现代医学研究发现灵芝可以作用于中枢神经系统,灵芝的提取物及多种活性成分能抑制神经炎症反应、减轻氧化应激损伤、延缓神经元细胞衰老与凋亡过程、促进突触可塑性的重塑、调整脑内神经递质的平衡状态及改善认知功能等重要作用,对神经退行性疾病的治疗具有多成分、多靶点、多通路和协同作用的特点。本文综述了灵芝在神经退行性疾病(如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病)中的国内外研究,对灵芝发挥神经保护作用的活性成分、作用机制进行总结,以期为灵芝在神经退行性疾病的临床应用提供参考。The pathogenesis of neurodegene-rative diseases is complex,with different degrees of cognitive and action disorders as the main clinical manifestations.The incidence of neurodegene-rative diseases is increasing year by year and there is no effective treatment,which seriously threatens the health of the elderly population and causes a heavy burden on the social economy.Ganoderma was first recorded in the Shennong Bencao Jing,is listed as top quality,medicine and food dual use and has a long history,with the effect of invigorating qi and calming,relieving cough and relieving asthma.Modern medical research has found that Ganoderma can act on the central nervous system.The extract and various active ingredients of Ganoderma can inhibit neuroinflammation,reduce oxidative stress damage,delay the aging and apoptosis process of neurons,promote the remodeling of synaptic plasticity,adjust the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain and improve cognitive function.The treatment of neurodegene-rative diseases is characterized by multi-component,multi-target,multi-pathway,and synergistic action.This article synthesizes the domestic and foreign research of Ganoderma in neurodegene-rative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson disease,the active ingredients and mechanism of Ganoderma play neuroprotective role are summarized in order to provide reference for clinical application of Ganoderma in neurodegene-rative diseases.

关 键 词：灵芝 神经退行性疾病 阿尔茨海默病 帕金森病 研究进展 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]