表面活性剂强化石油烃微生物电化学降解  

lectrochemical degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons enhanced by surfactants

作　　者：陈永刚 李德生[1] 于鑫 李晓晶 CHEN Yonggang;LI Desheng;YU Xin;LI Xiaojing(School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;Agro Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384 [2]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室,天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室,天津300191

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第2期364-375,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41977133);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(23JCZDJC00480);中国农业科学院“农科英才”和中国农业科学院创新工程科学中心项目(CAAS-CSGLCA-202302)。

摘　　要：老化且高浓度的石油污染土壤阻碍了生物修复的应用,为了提升石油污染土壤的修复效率,本研究采用非离子表面活性剂吐温-80(TW-80)、两性表面活性剂椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAB)、生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂(RHA)、阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和阳离子表面活性剂十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(ODAC)5种类型的表面活性剂将石油烃从土壤固相浸提到液相中,并利用微生物电化学系统来提高石油污染土壤的修复效率。结果表明:土壤中石油烃的提取效果依次为SDBS(81%)>CAB(76%)>ODAC(74%)>TW-80(71%)>RHA(50%),其差异由表面活性剂性质决定。综合系统电能输出结果选择表面活性剂类型后,石油烃的微生物电化学降解效果表现为CAB(88%)>TW-80(74%)>RHA(53%),其主要受浸提液中微生物群落影响。后续可通过优化表面活性剂浓度、反应时间和复配等方法来提升石油污染土壤的修复效率。Aging and high concentrations of oil-contaminated soils hinder the application of bioremediation.In order to improve the remediation efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil,five types of surfactants[non-ionic surfactant Twain 80(TW-80),ampholytic surfactant cocoamidopropyl betaine(CAB),biological surfactant rhamnolipid(RHA),anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and cationic surfactant octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(ODAC)]were used in this study.Petroleum hydrocarbons were leached from solid phase to liquid phase and microbial electrochemical system was used to improve the remediation efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil.The extraction effect is as follows:SDBS(81%)>CAB(76%)>ODAC(74%)>TW-80(71%)>RHA(50%),which was determined by the characteristics of surfactants.Although the extraction efficiency of SDBS and ODAC is excellent,it will greatly affect the microbial community and is not suitable for degradation by this method.The degradation effect of petroleum hydrocarbons is as follows:CAB(88%)>TW-80(74%)>RHA(53%),which was controlled by the microbial community.The efficiency of extraction and degradation can be further improved by continuously optimizing surfactant concentration,reaction time and compounding.

关 键 词：土壤修复 石油烃污染 表面活性剂 微生物电化学 微生物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53