水下爆炸作用下悬浮隧道结构设计与优化  

Design and Optimization of Submerged Floating Tunnel Structures Under Underwater Explosion Conditions

作　　者：罗刚 严荔 李文权 杨云生 张宇航 AHMED MD Elias 刘凤玲 LUO Gang;YAN Li;LI Wen-quan;YANG Yun-sheng;ZHANG Yu-hang;AHMED MD Elias;LIU Feng-ling(School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China;Sichuan Xixiang Expressway Construction&Development Co.Ltd.,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]四川西香高速建设开发有限公司,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2025年第2期47-59,共13页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51708042);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JQ-008);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-YB-392)。

摘　　要：结构的抗爆性是悬浮隧道设计中不可回避的问题,为了提高悬浮隧道结构的抗爆能力并对其结构形式进行优化,运用LS-DYNA有限元软件建立水下爆炸作用下悬浮隧道流固耦合模型,通过将二维水下爆炸冲击波映射到三维结构体上的方法,选取了具有代表性的3种结构形式(混凝土结构、钢板+混凝土组合结构和泡沫铝+混凝土组合结构)进行悬浮隧道管体水下爆炸动力响应计算,以结构位移、压力、有效应力以及应变作为评价结构抗爆性能的指标,分析了不同结构形式和防护方式对结构抗爆性能的影响。结果表明:①在混凝土厚度对结构抗爆性计算分析中,当混凝土管体厚度在1.1~1.43 m范围时,悬浮隧道抗爆性能随着厚度的增加显著提高,但超过此区间,抗爆性能表现出饱和趋势,厚度对管体的抗爆性影响有限;②在钢板防护对结构抗爆性计算分析中,钢管混凝土结构整体防护性能要优于外侧钢板,能够有效减小高应力范围,但对位移变形范围影响不显著,内侧钢板防护并不适用于外部水下爆炸的情况,钢管混凝土应力峰值与位移峰值相比混凝土结构减小了16.10%和17.63%;③在外侧泡沫铝防护的抗爆性计算分析中,由于泡沫铝材料多孔隙性的特点,能够有效吸收和分散作用在管体上的爆炸能量,因此其位移峰值和应力相比混凝土结构分别减小了23.11%和25.40%,整体抗爆性能要优于其他2种防护形式。The resistance of a structure to blasts is a critical aspect that should not be overlooked in the design of submerged floating tunnels(SFTs).To improve the blast resistance capabilities and optimize the structural form of SFTs,the LS-DYNA software was employed to establish a fluid-structure interaction model under underwater explosion conditions.Three representative structural forms were selected(concrete structure,steel plate+concrete composite structure,and foam aluminum+concrete composite structure),and by mapping two-dimensional underwater explosion shock waves onto three-dimensional bodies,calculations of the dynamic response of SFTs to underwater explosions were conducted.The evaluation of the structure's blast resistance performance was based on indices such as structural displacement,pressure,and effective stress,analyzing the impact of different structural forms and protection methods on blast resistance.The following results were obtained:①In the analysis of blast resistance with respect to concrete thickness,when the concrete tube body thickness ranges from 1.1 to 1.43 m,the blast resistance of the submerged tunnel significantly improves with increased thickness.However,beyond this range,the performance shows a saturation trend,and the influence of the thickness on the blast resistance becomes limited.②In the analysis of blast resistance with steel plate protection,the overall protective performance of steel-reinforced concrete is superior to that of an external steel plate,effectively reducing the range of high stress,although its impact on the range of displacement deformation is not significant.Internal steel-plate protection is not suitable for external underwater explosions.The peak stress and displacement values in steel-reinforced concrete structures show reductions of 16.10%and 17.63%,respectively,compared to those of concrete structures.③In the analysis of blast resistance with external foam aluminum protection,the porous nature of foam aluminum materials allows for the effective absorpt

关 键 词：隧道工程 悬浮隧道 水下爆炸 抗爆性能 泡沫铝 钢管混凝土 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U459.5[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]