公交运行状态诊断与在途控制方法研究综述  

Review on Bus Operation State Diagnosis and En-route Control Methods

作　　者：翁剑成[1] 李文杰 林鹏飞 刘冬梅 张晓亮 WENG Jian-cheng;LI Wen-jie;LIN Peng-fei;LIU Dong-mei;ZHANG Xiao-liang(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;College of Computer Science,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation Systems Technologies,Beijing 100088,China;Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Big Data Processing Technologies and Application for Comprehensive Transport(Zhong Lu Gao Ke),Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学交通工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学计算机学院,北京100124 [3]智能交通技术交通运输行业重点实验室,北京100088 [4]综合交通运输大数据处理及应用技术交通运输行业研发中心(中路高科),北京100088

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2025年第2期207-229,共23页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52302381,52072011);北京市教育委员会科学研究计划项目(KM202310005025)。

摘　　要：在公交智能化、信息化快速发展的背景下,公交在途运行控制研究逐渐成为公交运营优化关注的热点,有助于提升公交运行效率和乘客出行体验,为公交行业发展提供有力支持。为剖析公交在途运行控制中存在的问题与挑战,系统梳理和分析相关研究在研究方向、研究范畴及实践应用方面的现状与发展成果,从而为后续研究者提供清晰的研究脉络、理论框架和方法指导。遵循“状态诊断-控制优化”的研究思路,以公交在途运行不良运行状态之一的公交串车事件为例,针对性地总结公交运行状态诊断与串车事件识别方法以及引发串车事件的影响因素,也对公交在途运行过程中可能存在的其他不良运行状态及相关的识别诊断技术进行梳理。在此基础上,围绕优化模型、控制策略和求解算法对公交在途运行控制方法开展综述。探讨了现有研究在公交运行优化目标、控制对象和约束条件设置上的方法与不足;从站点控制、区间控制和其他控制等不同维度对控制策略研究情况展开综述与梳理,分析了不同控制策略的特点及适用场景;总结了常用的优化模型求解算法,探析不同算法的适用条件与优化效果。最后,对未来研究方向与发展趋势做出展望,以期为公交运行效率与服务质量提升方面的未来研究提供新的思路与系统优化方向。Under the backdrop of rapid intelligentization and informatization development in bus systems,bus en-route operation control has gradually become an important research highlight in bus operation optimization.Such research helps to enhance the efficiency of bus operation and passenger travel experiences,and it provides strong support for the development of the public transportation industry.To analyze the problems and challenges in bus en-route operation control,this study systematically reviewed and analyzed the status and development achievements of relevant research in terms of research direction,scope,and practical application to provide a clear research context,theoretical framework,and methodological guidance for subsequent researchers.This study followed the research approach of“state diagnosis-control optimization”,considered a bus bunching incident as an example of a poor en-route operation state,provided a focused summary of the influencing factors that lead to such incidents,and addressed other possible poor en-route operation states as well as related identification and diagnosis technologies.Hence,a comprehensive examination of the methodologies employed in bus en-route operation control is undertaken.First,the methodologies and limitations of existing research on the optimization objectives,control objects,and constraint conditions are analyzed.This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of the control strategies from disparate dimensions,including stop control and interval control,as well as an examination of the characteristics and applicable scenarios of the various control strategies.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of commonly used optimization model-solving algorithms and discusses their applicable conditions and optimization effects.Finally,this paper offers a prospective outlook on future research directions and development trends to provide new ideas and system optimization directions for future work to improve bus operation efficiency and service quality.

关 键 词：交通工程 公交运营优化 综述 运行状态诊断 公交在途运行控制 公交串车 

分 类 号：U491.17[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]