食用菌活性物质研究进展  

Research Progresses of the Bioactive Compounds in Edible Fungi

作　　者：矫文玉 王守现[1,2] 刘宇 宗宪春[3] 郭远 JIAO Wenyu;WANG Shouxian;LIU Yu;ZONG Xianchun;GUO Yuan(Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Beijing Mushroom Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100097,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157011,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所,北京100097 [2]北京市食用菌工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第3期18-29,共12页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目(KJCX20230419);国家食用菌产业技术体系项目(CARS-20);现代农业产业技术体系北京市食用菌创新团队项目(BAIC03)。

摘　　要：食用菌营养均衡、食药兼用、富含多种活性成分,具有很好的保健和药用价值。综述了近年来发掘的食用菌萜类、多糖、蛋白质和多肽、酚类、固醇类等多种活性成分的种类、结构和检测方法,并分别概述了不同功能成分具有的抗癌、抗氧化、抗炎、提高免疫力等药理功能。食用菌多样化的活性成分使其具有很高的健康食品、保健品和药品开发潜力,目前活性物质的挖掘、利用和产品开发正逐渐成为食用菌领域的研究热点,但仍有部分关键技术需要突破,未来可以在加强技术研究的同时提高食用菌活性成分相关产品的开发与利用。Edible fungi which can be used as both food and medicin,has balanced nutrition,rich various active ingredients,and good health care and medicinal value.The types,structures and detection methods of various active ingredients discovered in edible fungi in recent years have been reviewed,including terpenes,polysaccharides,proteins and peptides,phenols and sterols.The pharmacological functions of different functional components,such as anti-cancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and immune enhancement,were summarized separately.The diverse active ingredients of edible fungi make them highly promising for the development of healthy food,health products and pharmaceuticals.Currently,the exploration,utilization and product development of active substances are gradually becoming a research hotspot in the field of edible fungi.However,there are still some key technologies that need to be broken through.In the future,while strengthening technological research,the development and utilization of edible fungi active ingredient related products should be improved and utilized.

关 键 词：食用菌 活性物质 生物功能 提取 检测 营养物质 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]