肿瘤免疫治疗进展及前沿方向  

Advances and Frontiers of Tumor Immunotherapy

作　　者：梅文通 王雪莹 邢晓芳 季加孚 Wentong Mei;Xueying Wang;Xiaofang Xing;Jiafu Ji(Beijing Cancer Hospital,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院,北京100142

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2025年第1期60-69,共10页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20463,82272889)的资助。

摘　　要：免疫治疗的出现标志着肿瘤治疗领域的深刻变革,免疫检查点抑制剂作为免疫治疗的重要组成部分,已成为多种肿瘤的一线治疗方案。与此同时,过继性细胞疗法、多靶点联合治疗、肿瘤疫苗等创新技术不断推动着该领域的发展。然而,由于肿瘤免疫微环境的复杂性及免疫逃逸机制的多样性,现有疗法仍无法完全满足临床需求。未来的研究将集中于多个关键方向,包括发掘新的免疫治疗增效靶点和免疫检查点、研发更高效的细胞免疫治疗体系、优化免疫治疗的联合策略,旨在推动肿瘤免疫治疗向更加精准和个性化的方向发展。本文综述了近年来免疫治疗的进展,分析了当前面临的挑战,并展望了未来研究的潜力与发展机遇,以期为肿瘤免疫治疗的持续创新与临床应用提供启示。The emergence of immunotherapy represents a paradigm shift in cancer treatment,with immune checkpoint inhibitors,as a pivotal component of immunotherapy,now established as first-line treatment options for a variety of cancers.Concurrently,innovative approaches such as adoptive cell therapy,multitarget combination therapies,and cancer vaccines are further propelling advancements in this field.However,due to the complexity of the tumor immune microenvironment and the diversity of immune evasion mechanisms,current therapies still fall short of fully addressing clinical demands.Future research will concentrate on several critical areas,including the identification of novel immune therapy-enhancing targets and immune checkpoints,the development of more efficient cell-based immune therapeutic systems,and the optimization of combination strategies to drive cancer immunotherapy toward a more precise and personalized approach.This review discusses recent progress in immunotherapy,analyzes the challenges faced,and outlines the potential and opportunities for future research,aiming to provide insights into the ongoing innovation and clinical application of cancer immunotherapy.

关 键 词：肿瘤免疫治疗 免疫检查点抑制剂 过继性细胞治疗 肿瘤疫苗 免疫微环境 免疫逃逸 

分 类 号：R730.51[医药卫生—肿瘤]