肿瘤早筛早诊与监测标志物  

Biomarkers for Early Cancer Screening,Diagnosis,and Dynamic Monitoring

作　　者：王玉珏 聂萌 徐依朋 莫子贤 胡泽平 Yujue Wang;Meng Nie;Yipeng Xu;Zixian Mo;Zeping Hu(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Center for Life Sciences,Beijing 100084,China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学药学院,北京100084 [2]清华-北大生命科学联合中心,北京100084 [3]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [4]北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院,北京100871 [5]苏州大学药学院,苏州215123

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2025年第1期80-90,共11页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82430088,92057209)的资助。

摘　　要：肿瘤标志物是实现肿瘤早筛、早诊和动态监测的关键工具,对精准医学的发展具有重要推动作用。本文系统梳理了肿瘤标志物的定义、分类及其科学与临床价值,重点回顾了基因、蛋白和代谢标志物在早筛、早诊和监测领域的最新研究进展,揭示其在肿瘤发生与进展中的生物学意义及应用潜力。同时,本文深入分析了肿瘤标志物研究未来5~10年亟待解决的关键科学问题和技术挑战,建议在建立标准化临床大队列、利用新技术开发高特异性标志物,以及人工智能驱动的多组学数据深度整合与挖掘等方面实现关键突破。通过理论创新与技术突破的协同推进,肿瘤标志物研究有望在未来为精准医学和肿瘤临床管理提供新动力,为患者的早期诊断和长期健康管理带来切实益处。Tumor biomarkers are critical tools for achieving early cancer screening,diagnosis,and dynamic monitoring,playing a significant role in advancing precision medicine.This review systematically summarizes the definitions,classifications,and scientific and clinical significance of tumor biomarkers,with a focus on recent research progress in gene,protein,and metabolic biomarkers for early screening,diagnosis,and dynamic monitoring,while highlighting their biological relevance and application potential in cancer initiation and progression.In addition,this review provides an in-depth analysis of key scientific questions and technical challenges that need to be addressed in tumor biomarker research over the next 5~10 years.We emphasize the importance of breakthroughs in establishing standardized clinical cohorts,developing highly specific biomarkers using emerging technologies,and leveraging artificial intelligence for deep integration and analysis of multi-omics data.Through the synergistic advancement of theoretical innovation and technological breakthroughs,tumor biomarker research is expected to provide new impetus for precision medicine and cancer clinical management,ultimately offering measurable improvements in early diagnosis and long-term health management for patients.

关 键 词：肿瘤标志物 精准医学 肿瘤早筛与早诊 肿瘤动态监测 标准化大队列 人工智能 

分 类 号：R730.43[医药卫生—肿瘤]