茄子果形研究进展  

Research Progress of Eggplant Fruit Shape

作　　者：薄琳 张林琳 宫瑞 崔彦玲[2] 郝爱平[1] 潜宗伟 BO Lin;ZHANG Linlin;GONG Rui;CUI Yanling;HAO Aiping;QIAN Zongwei(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157011,China;Beijing Vegetable Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011 [2]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第1期100-107,共8页Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230126);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展项目(KYCX202301);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所协同创新基金项目(XTCX202301);山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2021LZGC0017);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G-06)。

摘　　要：茄子是重要的茄科蔬菜之一,在蔬菜作物中占据着重要地位。茄子果形丰富,是茄子育种的重要目标性状。本文围绕茄子果实长度、果实横径和果形指数3个方面,对茄子果形的遗传研究、QTL(数量性状基因位点)定位、相关候选基因的分子机制研究进行了分析总结。茄子的果形为数量性状,由主基因和多个基因加性效应共同调控。茄子果实长度的QTLs在除第4、6条染色体(连锁群)上没有定位外,其余染色体(连锁群)上均有分布,其中主效QTLs(贡献率大于10%)有11个;茄子果实横径的QTLs分布涵盖了除第5条以外的所有染色体(连锁群),主效QTLs位点共9个;茄子果形指数的QTLs在除第5条染色体(连锁群)外的其余染色体(连锁群)上均有分布,共有9个主效QTLs。茄子果实长度相关的基因目前仍是果形研究的热点,果实横径和果形指数的相关候选基因较少,未来可进一步加强全基因组关联分析(GWAS)和CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术等技术应用,进而解析茄子果形的遗传机制,为茄子果形育种提供理论基础。Eggplant is one of the important vegetables of the Solanaceae family and occupies an important position in vegetable crops.Fruit shape of eggplant is various,which is an important target trait of eggplant breeding.In this paper,the genetic research of eggplant fruit shape,the mapping of QTL(quantitative trait locus)and the molecular mechanism of related candidate genes were analyzed and summarized based on three aspects:fruit length,fruit diameter and fruit shape index.The fruit shape of eggplant is a quantitative trait,which is regulated by the main genes and the additive effects of multiple genes.The QTLs of eggplant fruit length were distributed on all chromosomes(linkage groups)except the 4th chromosome and the 6th chromosome,among which there were 11 major QTLs(contribution rate greater than 10%).The QTLs of eggplant fruit diameter covered all linkage groups except the 5th chromosome,with 9 major QTLs loci in total.The QTLs of eggplant fruit shape index were distributed on all chromosomes(linkage group)except the 5th chromosome(linkage group),and there were 9 major QTLs in total.Genes related to eggplant fruit length are still a hot spot in fruit shape research,and there are few candidate genes related to fruit diameter and fruit shape index.In the future,the application of related technologies such as genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology can be further strengthened to analyze the genetic mechanism of eggplant fruit shape and provide a theoretical basis for eggplant fruit shape breeding.

关 键 词：茄子 果实长度 果实横径 果形指数 QTL 全基因组关联分析 基因编辑 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]