从制度到治理:论数据驱动型经营者集中的反垄断监管体系转型  

From System to Governance:On the Transformation of Antitrust Regulatory System for Data-Driven Concentration of Undertakings

作　　者：董凡 DONG Fan(School of Law and Intellectual Property,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou 510665,China;School of Law,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学法学与知识产权学院,广东广州510665 [2]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《经济问题》2025年第3期59-69,共11页On Economic Problems

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“功能主义视角下知识产权损害赔偿制度的基本原则研究”(20YJC820010);广东省哲学社会科学规划2023年度青年项目“区域知识产权争端纠纷解决机制的中国法治化因应方案”(GD23YFX03);广东省教育厅青年创新人才类项目(人文社会科学)“基于广东金融创新的知识产权证券化实施逻辑与路径选择研究”(2019WQNCX071)。

摘　　要：在数据聚合市场中,数据驱动型经营者集中具有诱发筑高市场准入壁垒、破坏创新、侵蚀消费者福祉等竞争隐忧。检视我国数据集中反垄断监管实践,存在事前申报标准单一、竞争效果分析工具失灵的现实困境;究其原因系我国依循消极型反垄断监管理念所致。通过证立约束平台权力、注重“假阴性错误”监管社会成本和吸纳多元竞争标准的基础上,使得强化平台数据聚合反垄断监管具备合理性。我国数据驱动型经营者集中反垄断监管体系应当依循积极型“包容审慎”原则,修正反垄断监管“形式—实质”双层路径。其中,构建“营业额+交易额”二元标准和特殊企业申报机制,共筑形式监管路径;实质监管路径须修正竞争效果分析框架以及兼评创新、隐私、成瘾性维度。同时,为保障数据驱动型经营者集中反垄断监管发挥预期成效,还须引入临时措施监管、加强数据反垄断合规指引、重视平台反垄断智能监管,以及优化反垄断协同监管机制。In the data aggregation market,data-driven concentrations of undertakings pose competitive concerns such as raising market entry barriers,undermining innovation,and eroding consumer welfare.Reviewing the practice of antitrust regulation of data concentration in our country,there are practical difficulties such as single review standards and the malfunction of competition effect analysis tools;the reason for this is the adoption of a passive antitrust regulatory philosophy in our country.By establishing the basis for restraining platform power,focusing on the social costs of“false negative errors”in regulation,and incorporating diverse competition standards,it is reasonable to strengthen the antitrust regulation of platform data aggregation.The antitrust regulatory system for data-driven concentrations of undertakings in our country should follow the proactive“inclusive and prudent”principle and construct the“formal-substance”path of antitrust regulation.Among them,the construction of a dual standard of“turnover+transaction amount”and a special enterprise reporting mechanism together build the formal regulatory path;the substantive path must correct the competition effect analysis framework and also evaluate innovation,privacy,and addictive dimensions.At the same time,to ensure the expected effectiveness of the antitrust regulation of data-driven concentrations of undertakings,it is also necessary to introduce temporary measure regulation,strengthen data antitrust compliance guidance,pay attention to platform antitrust intelligent regulation,and optimize the collaborative antitrust supervision mechanism.

关 键 词：数据驱动型经营者集中 反垄断监管 “假阴性错误” 包容审慎 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]