福建省茶树种质资源DNA分子标记研究综述  

Studies on Tea Germplasms in Fujian Province Applying DNA Molecular Markers

作　　者：张磊[1] 赵翊暄 陈强[1,2] 俞滢 杨如兴 ZHANG Lei;ZHAO Yi-xuan;CHEN Qiang;YU Ying;YANG Ru-xing(Tea Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Branch of National Tea Improvement Center,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所/国家茶树改良中心福建分中心,福建福州350013 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《茶叶学报》2024年第6期1-9,共9页Acta Tea Sinica

基　　金：国家茶叶产业技术体系(CARS-19);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研项目-竞争性项目(2023R1089);福建省自然科学基金(2023J05065);福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS2023007)。

摘　　要：概述了福建省茶树种质资源在DNA分子标记技术方面的研究,涵盖随机扩增多态性DNA(Random amplified polymorphism DNA,RAPD)、简单序列重复(Simple sequence repeat,SSR)、简单序列重复区间(Inter-simple sequence repeat,ISSR)、起始密码子靶向多态性(Symbolic compiler optimization technology,SCoT)、单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)等分子标记技术的应用。结果表明,福建茶树种质资源的遗传多样性丰富,遗传背景较复杂,存在频繁的基因交流与遗传变异,遗传群体大致可分为不同适制茶类和不同原生产地等种质类型,遗传群体间的遗传信息与系统来源也存在一定关联性。并从茶树DNA新型标记技术开发、重要性状基因挖掘与关联分析、多组学技术融合应用、分子标记辅助育种等方面提出展望,为茶树种质资源重要农艺性状基因的精准定位与挖掘、茶树优良性状的亲本选择以及定向育种提供参考。This article reviewed the studies conducted on the tea germplasms in Fujian Province using methodologies based on DNA molecular markers.The advanced technologies employed by the researchers included the random amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD),simple sequence repeat(SSR),inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR),symbolic compiler optimization technology(SCoT),and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP),among others.According to the reports,the tea germplasms collected in the province were rich in genetic diversity with complex backgrounds and frequent exchanges and variations.The germplasms were categorized as types differentiated by the teas they were made into or the origins they originally came from.The types generally reflect their genetic differences.Prospectives of future research development,discovery of critical genes associated with the agronomic traits of interest,analysis on the relationship between genetics and species,integrated application of multi-omics technology for studies,and utilization of molecular markers in new variety breeding are presented in anticipation of advancements in unveiling and localizing genes crucial to desirable agronomic traits as well as in selecting parents for target breeding.

关 键 词：茶树 种质资源 育种 分子标记 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]