郑州大学第一附属医院2018—2020年恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病特征分析  

Analysis of disease characteristics of inpatients with malignant tumor in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：张素兰[1] 王佳琪 赵娟[1] 魏俊俊 单唱 谷静 ZHANG Sulan;WANG Jiaqi;ZHAO Juan;WEI Junjun;SHAN Chang;GU Jing(Department of Oncology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Henan,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院肿瘤科,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2025年第4期139-143,共5页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：河南省科技智库调研课题(HNKJZK-2021-49C);河南省教育厅重点项目(23A320006)。

摘　　要：目的分析郑州大学第一附属医院肿瘤科2018—2020年诊治的恶性肿瘤病例的疾病特征,为恶性肿瘤的流行病学研究和防治工作提供依据。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2018—2020年恶性肿瘤住院病例信息,根据年龄段、地区、性别、住院时间等信息分析恶性肿瘤的病例构成。结果2018—2020年收治的恶性肿瘤患者共112413例,排在前10位的为甲状腺癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、宫颈癌、白血病和淋巴瘤。恶性肿瘤的女性患者多于男性患者,男性患者疾病构成排第一位的是肺癌,女性患者则是甲状腺癌。男性患者的高发年龄段为61~70岁,女性患者的高发年龄段为51~60岁。城市和农村患者恶性肿瘤的构成比分别为34.2%、65.8%。在患者疾病类型构成中,≤20岁白血病占第1位,21~50岁甲状腺癌占第一位,≥51岁肺癌占第1位。比较2018年、2019年和2020年的病例信息,肺癌和甲状腺癌恶性肿瘤构成比一直占前两位。结论恶性肿瘤病例数量庞大,应该针对恶性肿瘤的特点,开展肿瘤预防和诊治工作,降低恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率。Objective To analyze the disease characteristics of malignant tumor cases diagnosed and treated in the Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2018 to 2020,and provide a basis for epidemiological research and prevention and treatment of malignant tumors.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the inpatient cases of malignant tumors at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2018 to 2020.The case composition of malignant tumors was analyzed based on age group,region,gender,length of hospital stay,and other information.Results A total of 112413 patients with malignant tumors were admitted from 2018 to 2020,and the top ten were thyroid cancer,lung cancer,breast cancer,stomach cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,cervical cancer,leukemia and lymphoma.There were more female patients with malignant tumors than male patients,with lung cancer being the top disease in male patients and thyroid cancer in female patients.The high-risk age range for male patients was 61-70 years old,while the high-risk age range for female patients was 51-60 years old.The proportion of malignant tumors in urban and rural patients was 34.2%and 65.8%,respectively.In the composition of patient disease types,leukemia ranked first among those aged 20 and below,thyroid cancer ranked first among those aged 21-50,and lung cancer ranked first among those aged 51 and above.The case information in 2018,2019,and 2020 was compared,and the proportion of malignant tumors of lung cancer and thyroid cancer had always occupied the top two.Conclusion The number of malignant tumor cases is huge.According to the characteristics of malignant tumor,tumor prevention,diagnosis and treatment should be carried out to reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant tumor.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 肿瘤预防 肿瘤诊治 发病率 死亡率 

分 类 号：R73-31[医药卫生—肿瘤]