隐性腭裂患者辅音构音表现的初步研究  

A preliminary study on the consonant articulation of patients with submucous cleft palate

作　　者：尹恒[1] 蔡易廷 张博宇 张乐汶 吴敏[1] 罗枭 石冰[1] YIN Heng;TSAI Yiting;CHANG Boyu;CHEUNG Lokman;WU Min;LUO Xiao;SHI Bing(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,National Center for Stomatology,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease,Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院唇腭裂外科,成都610041

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2025年第2期130-133,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：四川大学华西口腔医院临床探索与研发项目(LCYJ-2022-YF-3)。

摘　　要：目的分析隐性腭裂患者辅音构音表现及语音清晰度,为临床隐性腭裂患者语音评估和后期语音康复提供参考。方法纳入4.5岁以上隐性腭裂术前患者333例,其中腭咽闭合完全196例,腭咽闭合不全137例;男184例,女149例,对比分析不同性别和不同腭咽闭合功能下患者辅音正确率(PCC)、错误类型及其发生率。结果333例患者中,145例(43.54%)全部辅音构音正常,188例(56.46%)存在不同程度的构音障碍,其中66例(19.82%)有代偿性构音行为,男、女性患者间构音错误没有显著差异。所有辅音正确率由高到低依次为鼻音、边音、擦音、塞音、塞擦音。在构音错误类型中,替代是最常见的错误,发生率为35.93%,其次为省略(34.62%)、代偿(25.51%)。塞音平均正确率为73.27%,擦音为78.20%,塞擦音为69.29%,边音和鼻音为93.39%。塞音和擦音发生率最高的错误类型是替代,塞擦音发生率最高的错误是省略;代偿性错误发生率最高的是塞擦音,鼻音和边音没有出现代偿性错误。结论替代、省略和代偿依次为隐性腭裂患者最常见的构音错误,可发生在所有的塞音、擦音和塞擦音,构音障碍严重程度与性别无关,与腭咽闭合功能相关。Objective To study the consonant articulation performance and speech intelligibility of patients with submucous cleft palate(SMCP)and to provide a reference for clinical speech evaluation and subsequent speech rehabilitation.Methods A total of 333 preoperative SMCP patients aged 4.5 years and older participated in this study.The accuracy,type of error,and error rates were assessed across participant genders and their varying levels of velopharyngeal closure function.Results Among the 333 patients,196 had complete velopharyngeal closure,while 137 had incomplete closure.A total of 145 patients(43.54%)demonstrated normal articulation of all consonants,while 188 patients(56.46%)displayed various degrees of articulation disorders.Compensatory articulation behaviors were observed in 66 patients(19.82%).No significant differences in articulation errors were found between male and female patients.The accuracy ranking for consonants was from high to low as follows:nasal sounds,lateral sounds,fricatives,plosives,and affricates.Substitution was the most common error type with an incidence of 35.93%,followed by omission at 34.62%and compensatory errors at 25.51%.The average accuracy rates for plosives,fricatives,affricates,lateral/nasal sounds were 73.27%,78.20%,69.29%,and 93.39%,respectively.Substitution was the most common error for plosives and fricatives,while omission was most frequent for affricates.Compensatory errors occurred most often with affricates,and no compensatory errors were found in nasal or lateral sounds.Conclusion Substitution,omission,and compensatory errors are the most common articulation errors in SMCP patients,occurring across plosives,fricatives,and affricates.The severity of articulation disorders is related to velopharyngeal closure function but is independent of gender.

关 键 词：隐性腭裂 辅音正确率 构音障碍 代偿性构音 

分 类 号：R782.22[医药卫生—口腔医学]