稻田中混养不同密度鲫对中华绒螯蟹生长和营养成分的影响  

DIFFERENT POLYCULTURE DENSITIES OF CARASSIUS AURATUS ON THE GROWTH AND NUTRIENT COMPONENT OF ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS UNDER RICE-CRAB CULTURE SYSTEM

作　　者：蒋湘辉 王兴兵 寇凌霄 魏洪祥 肖祖国 吴丽娜 封岩 闫有利 JIANG Xiang-Hui;WANG Xing-Bing;KOU Ling-Xiao;WEI Hong-Xiang;XIAO Zu-Guo;WU Li-Na;FENG Yan;YAN You-Li(Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control,Liaoning Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Liaoyang 111000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省淡水水产科学研究院,辽宁省水生动物病害防治重点实验室,辽阳111000

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第4期1-8,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅科技攻关项目(2021JH1/10400040);辽宁省农业科学院科技创新研究专项资金(2022DD279148)资助。

摘　　要：为达到养殖环境生态平衡,研究了稻田环境中混养鲫(Carassius auratus)[(48.53±2.11)g/尾]对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)[(23.48±0.82)g/尾]生长和营养成分的影响。实验设置4个鲫密度:0(T0,对照组)、100(T1)、200(T2)和300尾/667 m^(2)(T3),分别与中华绒螯蟹(300只/667 m^(2))混养,实验周期90d。结果显示:T1组中华绒螯蟹的终末体质量、增重率、特定生长率、摄食率、出肉率、肝胰腺指数、性腺指数和总可食率显著高于其他组,饵料系数显著低于其他3组,T1组鲫的终末体质量、增重率和特定生长率显著高于其他组(P<0.05);T2组中华绒螯蟹肌肉的总氨基酸、必需氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸评分最高,其中苏氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸和赖氨酸含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在中华绒螯蟹养殖过程中,混养不同密度鲫对其生长、可食性状和肌肉营养品质存在显著影响,其中混养100—200尾/667 m^(2)鲫更有利于提高中华绒螯蟹品质。In order to achieve the ecological balance,the influence mechanism of mixed culture of Carassius auratus[average weight of(48.53±2.11)g]on the growth and nutritional composition of Eriocheir sinensis[average weight of(23.48±0.82)g]were selected as the research objects in this paper.The density of C.auratus was set at 0 fish/667 m^(2)(T0,control),100 fish/667 m^(2)(T1),200 fish/667 m^(2)(T2),and 300 fish/667 m^(2)(T3)in mixed culture with E.sinensis.The experimental period lasted for 90d.The results showed that the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,meat yield,hepatopancreas index,gonadal index,and total edible rate were higher in the T1 in 4 experimental groups,while the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that in the other groups(P<0.05).The total amino acid content,essential amino acid content,and essential amino acid score in T2 muscle were the highest,with Thr,Leu,Phe,and Lys levels in T2 muscle exceeding significantly in other groups(P<0.05).Research demonstrated that a stocking density of 100—200 fish/667 m^(2) of C.auratus not only enhanced the growth of E.sinensis but also optimized the edible tissues and nutrient quality of E.sinensis muscle.

关 键 词：稻田养殖 养殖密度 生长指标 营养成分 中华绒螯蟹 鲫 

分 类 号：S962.92[农业科学—水产养殖]