轨道交通站点精细分类及其对周边房价影响研究  

Precise type classification for rail transit stations and analysis of their impact on real estate prices surround

作　　者：韩烽凡 李正中 张翕然 岳晓辉 HAN Fengfan;LI Zhengzhong;ZHANG Xiran;YUE Xiaohui(Tianjin Transportation Research Institute,Tianjin 300074,China;Tianjin Rail Transit Network Administration Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市交通科学研究院,天津300074 [2]天津轨道交通线网管理有限公司,天津300392

出　　处：《现代城市轨道交通》2025年第3期117-123,共7页Modern Urban Transit

基　　金：天津市交通运输科技发展计划项目(2024-B12)。

摘　　要：为对轨道交通站点进行精细划分以及探究站点不同特征对房价的影响,文章利用AFC数据、站点周边各类POI数据和站点复杂网络数据对15个解释变量进行降维,并通过聚类对比选取最优算法K-Means++将站点分为商业开发型、区域中心型、工作主导型、职住均衡型和居住主导型5类。再通过特征拟合分析得到5类站点的公共属性特征并采用梯度下降法确定站点精细分类特征占比。在此基础上,运用地理加权回归分析,检验站点分类特征对房价的解释能力以及其空间异质性影响。研究结果表明:站点不同特征对房价影响差别显著,并在城市空间上存在显著差异,工作就业型特征对房价有最大的正向影响,商业开发型特征对房价有最大的负向影响,不同特征对房价的影响在空间上呈现梯度型差异现象。研究结果揭示出轨道交通站点特征对房价的复杂空间效应,为城市开发规划和资源配置的科学决策提供理论依据。In order to precisely classify the types of rail transit stations and explore the impact of different characteristics on real estate prices,this article classifies the stations into five types:commercial development type,regional center type,jobs oriented type,jobs-housing balance type,and housing oriented type by employing AFC data,various POI data surrounding the stations,and complex network data of the stations to reduce the dimensionality of 15 explanatory variables with the optimal algorithm K-Means++clustering comparison.Then,the common features of 5 types of stations were obtained through feature fitting analysis,and the gradient descent method was employed to determine the proportion of precise type classification features for the stations.On this basis,geographically weighted regression analysis is used to verify the explanatory power of station classification features for real estate prices and their spatial heterogeneity impact.The research results indicate that different characteristics of the stations have significant differences in their impact on real estate prices,and there are significant differences in the urban space.The jobs-oriented characteristics have the greatest positive impact on real estate prices,while the commercial development-oriented characteristics have the greatest negative impact.The impact of different characteristics on real estate prices shows a gradient difference in space.The research reveals the complex spatial effects of rail transit station characteristics on real estate prices,providing a theoretical basis for scientific decision-making in urban development planning and resource allocation.

关 键 词：轨道交通 站点精细分类 城市房价 空间异质性 地理加权回归 

分 类 号：U-9[交通运输工程]