重新发现定量文学研究:概念、传统与范式  

Quantitative Literary Research:Concepts,Traditions,and Paradigms

作　　者：刘永强[1] 陈子轩 Liu Yongqiang;Chen Zixuan

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语学院德国学研究所 [2]浙江大学外国语学院

出　　处：《数字人文研究》2024年第4期20-31,共12页Digital Humanities Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助,浙江大学文科青年交叉创新团队“文学风格计算团队”成果之一。

摘　　要：研究通过重新挖掘定量文学研究的概念,爬梳其历史脉络以及重塑其经典研究案例,解蔽了这一长期被学界遗忘的研究体系。在文学领域,定量文学研究才堪称数字人文的前身,因为在计算机技术出现以前,就已经出现运用统计、测量等定量方法进行文学研究的实例。定量文学研究之所以长久处于被遮蔽的状态,与其历史断裂特征关联密切。从20世纪70、80年代起,以定量方法为主的文学研究便日渐式微,逐渐被世人淡忘。作为定量文学研究的重要代表,威廉·福克斯和马克斯·本泽的研究贡献与当今数字人文研究密切相关,并具深远的启示价值。前者被视作计量文体学的先驱,后者不仅将数理知识巧妙运用到人文艺术领域,还创造性地利用计算机技术去进行文艺创作。对定量文学研究的重新审视促使我们去思考,以定量方法为主的文学研究是否应继续委身于数字人文之下,还是应该成为一门有特定研究范式的学科分支?这对数字时代的文学研究而言至关重要。This study uncovers a long-forgotten research system by redefining the concept of quantitative literary research,tracing its historical context,and re-examining its classic research cases.In the field of literature,quantitative literary research can be regarded as the predecessor of digital humanities,as there were already evidences of literary research using such quantitative methods as statistics and measurement before the advent of computer technology.The long-standing obscurity of quantitative literary research is bound up with its fracture in history.Since the 1970s and 1980s,literary studies premised on quantitative methods have gradually declined and been forgotten.As important representatives of quantitative literary studies,Wilhelm Fucks's and Max Bense's contributions are closely related to contemporary digital humanities research and contain profound enlightening value.The former is crowned as a pioneer of Stylometry,while the latter not only skilfully applys mathematical knowledge to humanities and arts,but also creatively uses computer technology to produce literary works.A re-examination of quantitative literary research prompts us to consider whether quantitative literary studies should remain subject to digital humanities or develop into a discipline with its own specific research paradigm.This is crucial for literary studies in the digital age.

关 键 词：定量文学研究 数字人文 威廉·福克斯 马克斯·本泽 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]