原油聚结脱水节能工艺技术研究  

Research on the energy conservation technology of crude oil coalescence dehydration

作　　者：张颂[1] ZHANG Song(No.2 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司第二采油厂,黑龙江省大庆市163000

出　　处：《石油石化节能与计量》2025年第3期17-21,共5页Energy Conservation and Measurement in Petroleum & Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：随着油田含水率的升高和采出液成分的复杂性,常规脱水工艺无法满足现阶段油田生产需求,且设备运行能耗较高。针对上述问题,以大庆油田采油二厂某区块的干化污泥和膨胀土为原料,制备高效陶粒作为聚结材料,分析了不同参数对分离效率的影响,并在现场通过并联三相分离器进行了对比实验,验证了聚结材料的处理效果。结果显示,在进料流速20 m/h、进料含水率30%、聚结材料孔隙度0.85、填充厚度250 mm时,原油脱水效果较好;传统热化学脱水工艺只能通过增加破乳剂用量和操作温度提高脱水效果,但仍无法满足原油处理要求,聚结工艺改造后,分离器油相出口含水率普遍在1%以下,预计每年可节约燃料气634×10^(4) m^(3),可年节约燃料费用951万元。研究结果可为同类油田联合站脱水工艺的节能降耗提供实际参考。With the increase of oilfield water content and the complexity of produced liquid composition,the conventional dehydration technology can not meet the current oilfield production demand,and the energy consumption of equipment in operation is high.In view of the above problems,the dry sludge and expansive soil in a block for No.2 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield are used as raw materials to prepare high-efficiency ceramic particles as bonding materials.The influence of different parameters on the separation efficiency is analyzed,and the comparative experiment is carried out in the field through the parallel three-phase separator to verify the treatment effect of bonding materials.The results show that when the feed flow rate is 20m/h,the feed water content is 30%,the porosity of the coalizing material is 0.85,and the filling thickness is 250 mm,the dehydration effect of crude oil is better.The traditional thermochemical dehydration technology process can only improve the dehydration effect by increasing the amount of demulsifier and operating temperature,but it still cannot meet the requirements of crude oil treatment.After reforming the polymerization process,and the water content of the separator oil phase outlet is generally below 1%,which is expected to save 634×10^(4) m^(3) of fuel gas and save 9510000 yuan of fuel cost per year.The research results can provide practical reference for the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the dehydration process of the same oilfield combined station.

关 键 词：原油 聚结脱水 热化学脱水 破乳剂 乳状液 

分 类 号：TE624.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]