畜禽粪便堆肥中重金属含量实验研究  

Experimental Study on Heavy Metal Content in Animal Manure Compost

作　　者：王朝阳 马强 张晋 WANG Zhaoyang;MA Qiang;ZHANG Jin(Gansu Provincial Livestock Breeding and Improvement Management Station,Wuwei Gansu 733000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省家畜繁育改良管理站,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2025年第2期27-30,共4页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：武威市科技计划B类项目:草食性家畜粪便高效利用技术研究与应用(WW23B02NY114);武威市科技特派员创新创业示范基地建设项目:武威市肉牛高效养殖科技特派员创新创业示范基地(2023TJ5017);甘肃省科学技术厅科技特派员(基地)专项:中小规模肉牛场高效繁育提质增效科技特派示范(23CXNH0021)。

摘　　要：为调查分析甘肃武威地区畜禽粪便堆肥中重金属含量,解决畜禽粪便堆肥还田中重金属污染环境提供参考数据,采集牛粪堆肥112份、猪粪堆肥32份、鸡粪堆肥83份,检测分析其锌、铜、锰、砷、镉、汞和铅等重金属元素含量。10%木屑添加到畜禽粪便堆肥中时,能有效吸收钝化牛粪、猪粪中重金属Cu含量,能吸收钝化牛粪、猪粪、鸡粪中重金属Zn含量;鸡粪堆肥发酵时,添加10%秸秆或木屑均可降低重金属Cd的含量,牛粪、鸡粪堆肥中添加10%秸秆或木屑能降低重金属Pb含量;畜禽粪便堆肥中添加10%秸秆或木屑对As、Hg含量变化影响尚不明确。畜禽粪便堆肥时,铜、锌和锰含量较高,砷、镉、汞和铅等金属含量普遍较低,部分高浓度重金属来源于辅助材料,加入10%木屑可降低铜、锌和镉含量,添加10%秸秆可降低镉和铅含量。To investigate and analyze the heavy metal content in livestock and poultry manure compost in Wuwei area,Gansu Province,and provide reference data for solving the environmental pollution caused by heavy metals in livestock and poultry manure compost fields.112 cow manure compost samples,32 pig manure compost samples,and 83 chicken manure compost samples were collected to detect and analyze the content of heavy metal elements such as zinc,copper,manganese,arsenic,cadmium,mercury,and lead.When 10%sawdust is added to animal manure compost,it can effectively absorb and passivate the heavy metal Cu content in cow manure and pig manure,as well as the heavy metal Zn content in cow manure,pig manure,and chicken manure;Adding 10%straw or sawdust during the fermentation of chicken manure compost can reduce the content of heavy metal Cd,while adding 10%straw or sawdust to cow manure and chicken manure compost can reduce the content of heavy metal Pb;The effect of adding 10%straw or sawdust to animal manure compost on the changes in As and Hg content is not yet clear.When composting livestock and poultry manure,the content of copper,zinc,and manganese is relatively high,while the content of metals such as arsenic,cadmium,mercury,and lead is generally low.Some high concentrations of heavy metals come from auxiliary materials.Adding 10%sawdust can reduce the content of copper,zinc,and cadmium,and adding 10%straw can reduce the content of cadmium and lead.

关 键 词：肉用畜禽 粪便 重金属 堆肥 发酵 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]