气象观测无线传感网络最优节点智能选择方法  

Intelligent Selection Method of Optimal Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks for Meteorological Observation

作　　者：乔梁[1] 钱眺[2] 黄博[1] QIAO Liang;QIAN Tiao;HUANG Bo(Heilongjiang Provincial Meteorological Data Center,Harbin Heilongjiang 150030,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Meteorological Service Center,Harbin Heilongjiang 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象数据中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省气象服务中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2025年第2期541-545,共5页Computer Simulation

基　　金：黑龙江省2022年气象监测预警补短板工程自动观测站网建设(HLJBDB2022-001Z)。

摘　　要：无线传感网络通常由大量的节点组成,而节点的位置选择不仅影响到单个节点的性能,还影响到整个网络的拓扑结构和性能。因此,如何获得能够保证网络连通性的同时,优化网络拓扑的节点最优位置,以提高数据采集准确性,降低网络节点能耗,是一个重要的研究难点。为此,提出气象观测无线传感网络节点最优位置选择仿真研究。先建立气象观测无线传感器网络节点能量耗散和成本消耗数学函数,以节点总能耗和成本最小为目标函数。并制定数据流向与数据最大转送次数约束条件,以更精确地控制网络的行为和性能,优化网络的拓扑结构,提高数据采集准确性、降低节点能耗。利用粒子群算法构建网络节点最优位置选择函数,为提高选择效果,采用参数聚焦距离变化率调整惯性权重,以迭代更新运算选择出网络节点最优位置。结果表明,所提方法选择的节点最优位置得到的气象观测数据准确性高,且能耗仅为0.49J,可为相关领域提供理论支持。Wireless sensor networks are usually composed of a large number of nodes,and the location selection of nodes not only affects the performance of a single node,but also affects the topology and performance of the entire network.Therefore,how to obtain the optimal location of nodes in the network topology while ensuring network connectivity to improve the accuracy of data collection and reduce the energy consumption of network nodes is an important research difficulty.Therefore,a simulation study on the optimal location selection of wireless sensor network nodes for meteorological observation is proposed.Firstly,the mathematical functions of energy consumption and cost consumption of wireless sensor network nodes for meteorological observation were established,and the objective function was to minimize the total energy consumption and cost of nodes.The constraints of data flow direction and the maximum number of data transfers were formulated to more accurately control the behavior and performance of the network,optimize the network topology,improve the accuracy of data collection,and reduce node energy consumption.The particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to construct the optimal position selection function of network nodes.In order to improve the selection effect,the change rate of parameter focus distance was used to adjust the inertia weight,and the optimal position of network nodes was selected by the iterative update operation.The results show that the accuracy of meteorological observation data obtained from the optimal location of nodes selected by the proposed method is high,and the energy consumption is only O.49J,which can provide theoretical support for related ields.

关 键 词：气象数据 节点能耗 适应度值 节点最优位置选择 粒子群算法 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]