应用小波分析的齿轮裂纹故障诊断方法  

Fault Diagnosis of Gear Cracks Based on Wavelet Analysis Method

作　　者：王岩 曹志刚 李俞峰 李娜娜 杨永飞 WANG Yan;CAO Zhi-gang;Ll Yu-feng;LI Na-na;YANG Yong-fei(ZRIME Gearing Technology Co.,Ltd.;China.Academy of Machinery Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mecharic al Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]郑机所(郑州)传动科技有限公司 [2]中国机械总院集团郑州机械研究所有限公司

出　　处：《化工自动化及仪表》2025年第2期276-282,共7页Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2020YFB2008101)资助的课题。

摘　　要：齿轮传动系统在高速重载的工况下,齿根容易发生裂纹,可能引发安全事故。针对这一问题,提出运用连续小波变换(CWT)的方法对齿轮裂纹故障进行诊断。以一对高速重载工况下的齿轮副为研究对象,采用能量法分别计算了完整齿轮副和裂纹齿轮副的啮合刚度,建立了齿轮副的四自由度动力学模型,通过MATLAB仿真分析,获得了齿轮副的加速度振动数据。最后分别运用离散时间傅里叶变换(DFT)和CWT对振动数据进行了时-频域的转换。结果表明:CWT对齿轮裂纹故障的诊断效果优于DFT,其优势在于对齿轮传动系统时-频域内可实时监测;频率幅值的周期性变化特征明显;可获取裂纹齿轮啮合的时间信息。High speed and heavy load may incur cracks to the gear drive system’s gear root and result in security incidents.In this paper,a continuous wavelet transform(CWT)method was proposed to diagnose gear cracks.In which,through having a pair of gear pairs under high speed and heavy load taken as the object of research and making use of the energy method,the meshing stiffness of the intact gear pair and the cracked gear pair were calculated and the gear pair’s 4-d dynamic model was established,including making use of MATLAB simulation analysis to obtain gear pair’s acceleration vibration data.Adopting discrete time Fourier transform(DFT)and CWT to transform the vibration data from time to frequency domain shows that,the CWT outperforms the DFT in diagnosing the fault of gear cracks as below:It can monitor the gear transmission system in time-frequency domain at real time;the periodic variation of frequency amplitude is obvious and the time information of the crack gear meshing can be obtained.

关 键 词：离散时间傅里叶变换 连续小波变换 齿轮裂纹 啮合刚度 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]