农村困境儿童可行能力测量与分析——以淄博市为例  

Measurement and Analysis of Feasible Abilities for Disadvantaged Children in Rural Areas:A Case Study of Zibo City

作　　者：牛喜霞[1] 张娟 纪美呈 NIU Xixia;ZHANG Juan;JI Meicheng(School of Law,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,Shandong 255000)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学法学院,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《山东理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期57-71,共15页Journal of Shandong University of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：山东省社科规划研究专项人文社会科学基础理论重点项目“山东推进农村脱贫人口共同富裕的治理机制研究”(23BRWJ06);山东省社科联人文社会科学课题一般项目“山东城乡居民精神生活共同富裕的实践路径与机制研究”(24B312)。

摘　　要：农村困境儿童的成长和发展关系到社会的和谐与进步。以Alkire-Foster测量方法为基础,构建了“七维度”的农村困境儿童可行能力测量指标体系,基于对淄博市1981名0~18岁的农村困境儿童研究发现:农村困境儿童的生活状态已得到整体性改善,其可行能力缺失问题依然存在;农村困境儿童群体在物质条件上依赖于家庭,生活条件是构成其多维可行能力缺失的主要因素,同时多维可行能力也受到社交、日常保护、教育等因素的影响;区域间农村困境儿童群体多维可行能力缺失状况以及缺失因素具有一定的同质性,但也存在差异;农村困境儿童可行能力个体年龄差异显著,需要用动态的眼光看待。结合需求层次理论和赋权理论着眼于农村困境儿童的不同需求层次,可以从国家、社会、家庭、个人等多维度着力推动农村困境儿童可行能力提升。The growth and development of disadvantaged children in rural areas are related to the harmony and progress of society.Based on the Alkire-Foster measurement method,a"seven-dimensional"feasible ability measurement index system for disadvantaged children in rural areas was constructed.Through the study of 1981 rural children aged 0~18 in Zibo City,it was found that:the overall status of disadvantaged children in rural areas has been improved,but the problem of their lack of feasible abilities still exists;these children are materially dependent on their families,and the living condition dimension is the main factor contributing to the deficiency of their multidimensional feasible abilities,which is also affected by socialization,daily protection,education and other factors;the multidimensional feasible ability deficiency status and the deficiency factors between regions are homogeneous to a certain degree,but there are still differences;the age differentiation is significant within the individual,which needs to be viewed with a dynamic perspective.Combining the Hierarchy of Needs Theory and the Empowerment Theory,focusing on the different levels of needs of disadvantaged children in rural areas,efforts can be made to promote the improvement of their feasible abilities in the dimensions of the state,the society,the family and the individual.

关 键 词：农村困境儿童 可行能力测量 可行能力发展 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]