面向综合环境的动态建筑表皮模型预测控制研究  

Model Predictive Control of Dynamic Building Envelopes for Integrated Environment

作　　者：周涵宇 王立雄 刘刚 ZHOU Hanyu;WANG Lixiong;LIU Gang(School of Architecture and Urban Planning Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;School of Architecture Tianjin University,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Building Physical Environment and Ecological Technology,Tianjin300072,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院,济南250101 [2]天津大学建筑学院,天津市建筑物理环境与生态技术重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《建筑科学》2025年第2期221-228,245,共9页Building Science

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年项目“室内综合舒适度动态权重评价模型研究——以夏热冬冷地区教育建筑为例”(ZR2023QE340)。

摘　　要：动态建筑表皮利用表皮的可变性,可以灵活调节室外气候对室内环境的影响,为节能和舒适度的提升提供了更多可能。现有动态建筑表皮多为面向单一环境因素的控制,缺少动态表皮室内综合环境的协同优化控制。以动态建筑表皮的遮阳和通风为控制对象,构建热环境、光环境、声环境及空气品质协同优化的数学模型,研究综合舒适度最优的动态表皮模型预测控制(Model Predictive Control,MPC)策略。选取中国寒冷地区某实验建筑进行表皮智能化改造,开发动态表皮MPC系统,论证在现实条件下应用动态表皮MPC的可行性,并通过仿真验证动态表皮MPC策略相对传统基于规则的控制(Rule Based Control,RBC)策略的优越性。有效地改善了室内综合环境舒适度,完善了动态建筑表皮综合环境协同优化控制方法。The dynamic building envelope utilizes the variability of the envelope to flexibly adjust the impacts of outdoor climate on the indoor environment,providing more possibilities for improving building performance and occupant comfort.The current control of dynamic building envelopes is mostly oriented to a single environmental factor,but there is a lack of indoor integrated environment control.This paper took the shading and ventilation of the dynamic building envelope as the control object,and built a mathematical model for the collaborative optimization of thermal environment,light environment,acoustic environment and air quality,to study the Model Predictive Control(MPC)strategy for the optimal indoor environmental quality.An experimental building in a cold area was selected for intelligent transformation of the envelope,and a dynamic envelope MPC system was developed.The feasibility of applying the dynamic envelope MPC under realistic conditions was demonstrated.The superiority of the dynamic envelope MPC strategy over traditional RBC strategy was verified by simulation.The study can effectively improve the indoor environmental quality,and enhance the dynamic envelope method for the collaborative optimization control of integrated environment.

关 键 词：动态建筑表皮 模型预测控制 室内环境控制 建筑建模 状态空间方程 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]