齐兴肉兔和齐卡巨型白兔生长发育及肌纤维发育的比较研究  

Comparative Study on the Growth and Muscle Fiber Development of Qixing Rabbit and ZIKA Rabbit

作　　者：郑洁[1,2] 任永军 李钰莹[1,2] 李丛艳 郭志强 邝良德[1,2] 杨锐 ZHENG Jie;REN Yongjun;LI Yuying;LI Congyan;GUO Zhiqiang;KUANG Liangde;YANG Rui(Sichuan Academy of Animal Husbandry Sciences,Chengdu 610066;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省畜牧科学研究院,成都610066 [2]四川省动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《中国养兔》2025年第1期4-8,共5页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系四川兔创新团队(SCCXTD-2024-26);四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0177);四川省重点研发项目(2023YFN0033);四川省畜禽育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0033);四川省财政专项(SASA2025CZYX004)。

摘　　要：为深入探究品种和性别效应在肉兔发育过程中的影响作用,以28、56、70和84日龄齐兴肉兔和齐卡巨型白兔为研究对象,每个阶段分别进行生长发育性能测定并采集体质量相近仔兔3只,取背最长肌制作石蜡切片并HE染色,分析这两个品种生长发育和肌纤维发育差异;在生长发育方面,齐兴肉兔28、56、70和84日龄体质量均显著低于齐卡巨型白兔(P<0.05),28~56日龄、56~70日龄和70~84日龄3个阶段的绝对生长系数和56~70日龄相对生长系数低于齐卡巨型白兔,28~56日龄和70~84日龄相对生长系数高于齐卡巨型白兔;不同性别比较发现,齐兴肉兔和齐卡巨型白兔在4个时间观察点性别差异不显著。在肌纤维发育方面,28日龄,齐兴肉兔肌纤维面积显著小于齐卡巨型白兔,肌纤维直径和肌纤维密度显著大于齐卡巨型白兔(P<0.05);70和84日龄,齐兴肉兔肌纤维直径、肌纤维面积均显著小于齐卡巨型白兔,肌纤维密度显著大于齐卡巨型白兔(P<0.05),齐卡巨型白兔公兔70和84日龄肌纤维直径显著大于母兔,只有齐兴肉兔公兔84日龄肌纤维密度显著小于母兔(P<0.05)。研究结果说明,品种对肉兔生长发育和肌纤维发育具有品种差异性,性别在齐卡巨型白兔70和84日龄个别肌纤维组织特性指标存在影响作用,但在其他日龄中并没有发现相同结果。In order to gain a deeper understanding of the influence of breed and sex effects on the development of meat rabbits,this study used Qixing rabbits and ZIKA rabbits at 28,56,70,and 84 days of age as research subjects.The growth and development performance was measured at each stage and three rabbits of similar weight were collected.The longissimus dorsi muscle was taken to make paraffin sections and stained with HE to analyze the differences in growth and muscle fiber development between the two breeds.In terms of growth and development,the weight of Qixing rabbits at 28,56,70 and 84 days of age was significantly lower than that of Zika rabbits(P<0.05).The absolute growth coefficients of the three stages of age from 28 day to 56 days and 70 to 84 days and the relative growth coefficients of 56 to 70 days were lower than those of the Zika rabbit,and the relative growth coefficients of 28 to 56 days and 70 to 84 days were higher than those of the Zika rabbit.Comparison of different genders found that there was no significant gender difference between Qixing rabbits and Zika rabbits at the four observation points.In terms of muscle fiber development,at 28 days of age,the muscle fiber area of Qixing rabbits was significantly smaller than that of Zika rabbits,and the muscle fiber diameter and muscle fiber density were significantly larger than that of Zika rabbits(P<0.05);at 70 and 84 days of age,the muscle fiber,the diameter and muscle fiber area of Zika rabbits were significantly smaller than that of Zika rabbits,and the muscle fiber density was significantly greater than that of Qixing rabbits(P<0.05).The muscle fiber diameters of male Zika rabbits at 70 and 84 days of age were significantly larger than those of female rabbits,and that of male Qixing rabbits at 84 days old.The muscle fiber density of day-old rabbits was significantly smaller than that of female rabbits(P<0.05).The results showed that there were breed differences in the growth and muscle fiber development of meat rabbits.Gender had an effect on the

关 键 词：齐兴肉兔 齐卡巨型白兔 背最长肌 生长发育 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]