我国科学教育政策主题挖掘与演进研究(1978—2022年)  

Study on Topic Mining and Evolution of Science Education Policy in China(1978-2022)

作　　者：张鹏飞 刘玉强 张思光 ZHANG Pengfei;LIU Yuqiang;ZHANG Siguang(School of Economics and Management,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051;Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190)

机构地区：[1]中北大学经济与管理学院,山西太原030051 [2]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科技资源导刊》2025年第1期55-68,共14页China Science & Technology Resources Review

基　　金：山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“山西省军民融合科技安全体系构建及预警监测研究”(2022J022)。

摘　　要：科学教育政策作为国家教育体系的重要组成部分,对于提升全民科学素质、服务科技创新人才培养和实现高水平科技自立自强具有重要作用。运用自然语言处理技术,对1978—2022年我国科学教育政策文本进行定量分析,以揭示政策主题的演进轨迹及其背后的政策制定逻辑。研究结果显示,我国科学教育政策经历了酝酿探索、整体推进和深化发展3个阶段。在酝酿探索阶段,政策主要集中在科技普及和科学素质教育,政策类型以通知和决议为主,发文机构相对集中;在整体推进阶段,政策数量显著增加,关注点拓展至科技基地和内容建设,政策类型多样化,发文机构合作网络更加广泛;在深化发展阶段,政策聚焦于科技、基地、体系和场馆,强调创新能力和国际合作,政策制定更加注重跨部门合作。研究结果不仅为理解我国科学教育政策的历史演变提供了新的视角,还为未来的政策制定提供了参考。As an integral component of the national education system,science education policy plays a crucial role in enhancing the scientific literacy of the populace,serving the cultivation of talents for technological innovation,and achieving high-level technological self-reliance.This study employs natural language processing techniques to quantitatively analyze Chinese science education policy texts from 1978 to 2022,aiming to reveal the evolutionary trajectory of policy themes and the underlying logic of policy formulation.The research findings indicate that China’s science education policy has undergone three stages:incubation and exploration,comprehensive promotion,and deepened development.During the incubation and exploration stage,policies mainly focused on science popularization and scientific literacy education,predominantly in the form of notices and resolutions,with relatively centralized issuing authorities.In the comprehensive promotion stage,there was a significant increase in the number of policies,with attention extending to science and technology bases and content development.Policy types diversified,and issuing authorities formed more extensive collaborative networks.In the deepened development stage,policies emphasized science,technology,bases,systems,and facilities,highlighting innovation capability and international cooperation,with policy formulation increasingly emphasizing interdepartmental collaboration.The study not only provides a new perspective for understanding the historical evolution of China’s science education policy but also offers valuable insights for future policy formulation.

关 键 词：自然语言处理 科学教育 主题挖掘 政策演进 

分 类 号：G203[文化科学—传播学]