聚氯乙烯超滤膜对臭氧的耐受性研究:与聚偏氟乙烯膜的对比  

Investigation on ozone resistance of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)ultrafiltration membranes:Comparison with polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)

作　　者：黄镇 李凯 万琪琪 潘名宾 胡灵琦 文刚 HUANG Zhen;LI Kai;WAN Qi-qi;PAN Ming-bin;HU Ling-qi;WEN Gang(Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Central&Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute CO,Ltd.430010)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西省环境工程重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [3]中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司,430010

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第3期1280-1289,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52370018);陕西省重点科技创新团队(2023-CX-TD-32);陕西省教育厅青年创新团队科研计划项目(23JP077)。

摘　　要：为探明高分子超滤膜对于臭氧的耐受机制,以聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜为代表,通过模拟0.5年的0.1mg/L臭氧暴露的浸泡实验,系统评估臭氧对膜透水能力、污染物截留能力及机械性能的影响,并分析化学性质变化.结果显示,PVC膜在36h臭氧作用下,透水率显著提升,最高达新膜的4倍以上,对腐殖酸(HA)的截留能力下降约27.6%,且透水与截留性能随暴露时间延长持续下降.PVDF膜初始阶段透水率提升更显著,老化36h后HA截留性能降低了40.2%左右,且性能在老化1h后就趋于稳定.臭氧老化导致两种膜的亲水性减弱,但PVC膜亲水性下降幅度较小,显示出其在保持亲水特性方面的相对优势.膜结构机理分析表明,臭氧主要通过氧化并导致亲水添加剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的流失而损伤膜性能,膜基质本身保持完整,SEM观察亦证实了这一点.老化后两膜的机械性能均有所下降,但PVDF膜展现出相对较高的机械强度.综合比较PVC、PVDF膜的抗臭氧能力,从截留、抗污染、亲水及机械性能综合考量,PVC在抗臭氧老化方面具有相对优势,PVDF次之,这些发现为高分子超滤膜在含臭氧水处理环境中的应用与优化提供了实验依据与理论参考.In order to explore the resistance mechanism of polymer ultrafiltration membranes to ozone,polyvinyl chloride(PVC)membranes and polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)membranes as representatives were used,and systematically evaluated the effects of ozone on the water permeability,pollutant retention capacity and mechanical properties of the membranes by simulating 0.1mg/L ozone exposure for 0.5 years,and analyzed the changes in chemical properties.The results showed that the water permeability of the PVC membrane significantly increased under the action of ozone for 36 hours,up to more than 4times that of the new membrane,while the retention capacity of humic acid(HA)decreased by about 27.6%.The water permeability and retention performance continued to decrease with the extension of exposure time.The water permeability of PVDF membranes increased significantly in the initial stage,with the HA retention performance decreasing by about 40.2%after 36hours of aging.However,the performance tended to stabilize after 1 hour of aging.Ozone aging led to a decrease in the hydrophilicity of the two membranes,but the hydrophilicity of PVC membranes decreased to a lesser extent,showing their relative advantages in maintaining hydrophilic properties.The analysis of the membrane structure mechanism showed that ozone mainly damaged the membrane performance through oxidation and the loss of the hydrophilic additive polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP),and the membrane matrix itself remained intact,which was also confirmed by SEM observations.The mechanical properties of the two membranes decreased after aging,but the PVDF membrane showed relatively high mechanical strength.A comprehensive comparison of the ozone resistance of PVC,and PVDF,showed that PVC had relative advantages in ozone aging resistance in terms of retention,anti-pollution,hydrophilic,and mechanical properties,followed by PVDF.These findings provide an experimental basis and theoretical reference for the application and optimization of polymer ultrafiltration membranes in ozone-con

关 键 词：超滤膜 聚氯乙烯(PVC) 聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF) 臭氧耐受性 膜老化 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]