基于压差调控原理的多路阀特性研究  

Research on Characteristics of Multi-way Valve Based on Pressure-difference Control Principle

作　　者：李磊 耿怀德 赵星宇 权龙 LI Lei;GENG Huaide;ZHAO Xingyu;QUAN Long(Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《液压与气动》2025年第3期1-7,共7页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3403001)。

摘　　要：针对阀前补偿型多路阀压差不可控、流量调控范围受限和流量控制精度低等问题,提出了压差主动控制原理。采用比例减压阀调控补偿器阀芯受力,实现压差比例可控,根据工况主动调节,提升流量控制范围;其次设计主阀芯位移闭环、流量增益调节与液动力补偿的变增益控制策略,实现补偿不利因素影响、拟合目标流量曲线、提高主阀流量控制精度等功能。结果表明:改变减压阀压力,主阀压差可在0~1.28 MPa内任意调控,流量调控范围为原阀流量的0%~131%。通过主阀芯位置闭环控制,提高其位置控制精度,进而改善主阀流量控制精度,流量滞环由4.6%降至2%,与原阀相比流量滞环减小50%以上。通过主动调整主阀压差,不改变主阀芯结构,用同一主阀实现多种流量增益控制效果;通过压差控制单元输出力,平衡补偿器液动力,消除液动力等扰动对主阀压差的影响,提升了主阀流量控制精度。To address issues such as uncontrollable pressure difference,limited flow regulation range,and low flow control precision in pre-compensated multi-way valves,a principle of active pressure-difference control is proposed.By using a proportional pressure-reducing valve to regulate the force on the compensator spool to achieve proportional control of pressure-difference,actively adjusting according to working conditions,and improving the flow-control range.Additionally,a variable gain control strategy is developed,integrating closed-loop main spool position control,flow gain adjustment,and flow force compensation to mitigate adverse factors,match target flow curves,and enhance flow-control precision.Results show that adjusting the pressure-reducing valve allows the main valve pressure-difference to be continuously regulated within 0~1.28 MPa,increasing the flow-control range to 0%~131%of the original valve's capacity.Closed-loop control of the spool position improved accuracy,reducing flow hysteresis from 4.6%to 2%,a decrease of over 50%compared to the original valve.This method enables multiple flow gain configurations with the same main valve without altering the spool structure.By using the pressure-difference control unit to balance hydraulic forces on the compensator,disturbances from flow forces on the pressure-difference are eliminated,further enhancing flow-control precision.

关 键 词：多路阀 压力补偿器 压差调控 流量控制 液动力 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]