大语言模型的情感智能及其心理学应用  

Emotional intelligence of large language models and its psychological applications

作　　者：伍海燕 何翠琳 曲由之 刘泉影 WU Haiyan;HE Cuilin;QU Youzhi;LIU Quanying(Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences and Department of Psychology,University of Macao,Macao 999078,China;Department of Biomedical Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门大学认知与脑科学中心及心理学系,中国澳门999078 [2]南方科技大学生物医学工程系,深圳518055

出　　处：《科技导报》2025年第3期47-58,共12页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：深港澳科技计划(C类)(SGDX2020110309280100)。

摘　　要：探讨了大语言模型(LLMs)是否能够通过语言任务的预训练而产生情感智能,并从心理学的角度提出了测试大语言模型的情感智能水平的方法,以及情感智能大模型在心理学的应用。从情感智能的定义出发,回顾了大语言模型的发展历程,总结出目前LLMs相关研究主要集中于提升模型在自然语言处理任务中的性能,而忽视了模型的情感智能,即感知、理解、使用和管理情绪的能力。尽管LLMs在处理语言任务方面表现出色,但在理解和生成情感文本方面仍存在局限性,因此,提出对大模型的情感智能水平进行全面评估的必要性。从心理学角度出发,总结了LLMs情感智能评估相关的工作,倡议心理学把大语言模型作为新的研究对象,重点关注大模型的情感道德问题。从情感认知科学的角度,论述大语言模型作为一种工具,对新时代的情绪心理学研究的重要价值。This article discusses the possibility for large language models(LLMs)to develop emotional intelligence and the applications of emotional LLMs in psychology.We introduce ways to evaluate the emotional intelligence level of LLMs from a psychological perspective.We begin by defining human emotional intelligence and discussing the history of LLMs'development.We highlight that the focus of research of LLMs has been on optimizing their performance in natural language processing tasks,such as text understanding and generation,while neglecting the ability to identify,understand,and express emotions.Although LLMs excel in language processing they still have limitations in comprehending and generating emotional texts.To address this,we argue for the necessity of conducting comprehensive assessments of the emotional intelligence level of LLMs.From a psychological standpoint,we summarize existing work on evaluating the emotional intelligence of LLMs and advocate for psychology to consider LLMs as a new research subject,particularly in emotional and moral aspects.Furthermore,we explore the important role of LLMs as tools for studying emotional psychology in the new era from the perspective of emotional cognitive science.

关 键 词：情感智能 大语言模型 多维社会认知能力 情绪心理学 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学] TP391.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]