山东省市售淡水鱼虾中喹诺酮类抗生素残留量分析及暴露风险评估  

Analysis of quinolone antibiotics residues and exposure risk assessment in commonly marketed freshwater fish and shrimp from Shandong Province

作　　者：朱颖 庄睿 胡婧 柴玲玉 刘伟[1] 王晓琳 ZHU Ying;ZHUANG Rui;HU Jing;CHAI Lingyu;LIU Wei;WANG Xiaolin(Jining Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Jining 272000,China;Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Ji’nan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市疾病预防控制中心,山东济宁272000 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第11期1240-1245,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技项目(202312061622)

摘　　要：目的了解山东省市售淡水鱼虾中喹诺酮类抗生素的残留水平,并进行膳食暴露风险评估。方法2021—2023年在山东省16个地市共采集480份淡水鱼虾,采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测6种喹诺酮类抗生素残留量,计算膳食暴露量,评估淡水鱼虾中抗生素的暴露风险。结果2021—2023年山东省市售淡水鱼虾中喹诺酮类抗生素的总检出率为36.0%(173/480),超标率为3.54%(17/480)。6种抗生素中恩诺沙星的检出份数最多,检出率34.8%(167/480);其次是环丙沙星,检出率7.08%(34/480);3份样品中检出氧氟沙星,2份样品中检出洛美沙星;480份样品中均未检出培氟沙星和诺氟沙星。鱼类的检出率高于虾类,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各年龄组人群平均暴露量和最大暴露量均小于每日允许摄入量。结论山东省淡水鱼虾中存在喹诺酮类抗生素残留情况,暴露风险较低,但儿童的暴露风险高于成人,应持续监测并加强监管。Objective To understand the residue levels of quinolone antibiotics residues in commonly marketed freshwater fish and shrimp from Shandong Province and risk assessment of dietary exposure.Methods From 2021 to 2023,a total of 480 freshwater fish and shrimp were collected from 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province,the residues of six quinolone antibiotics were detected using solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),the dietary exposure was calculated to assess the risk of antibiotics exposure in freshwater fish and shrimp.Results The total detection rate of quinolone antibiotics in marketed freshwater fish and shrimp in Shandong Province from 2021 to 2023 was 36.0%(173/480),with an exceedance rate of 3.54%(17/480).Among the six antibiotics,enrofloxacin was detected in the largest number of samples,with a detection rate of 34.8%(167/480);followed by ciprofloxacin,with a detection rate of 7.08%(34/480);ofloxacin was detected in three samples;lomefloxacin was detected in two samples;pefloxacin and norfloxacin were not detected in any of the 480 samples.The detection rate of fish was higher than that of shrimp,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average and maximum exposures of all age groups were less than the acceptable daily intake.Conclusion There are quinolone antibiotics residues in freshwater fish and shrimp in Shandong Province,and the exposure risk is low,but the exposure risk of children is higher than that of adults,and continuous monitoring and continuous monitoring and supervision should be strengthened.

关 键 词：淡水鱼虾 喹诺酮 抗生素 暴露风险评估 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]