论税收激励与企业创新的关系与机制——来自研发费用加计扣除的经验证据  

On the Relationship and Mechanism Between Tax Incentive and Enterprise Innovation——Empirical Evidence from Additional Deductions for R&D Expenses

作　　者：王傲然 张道升 WANG Aoran;ZHANG Daosheng(School of Economics,Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《北京城市学院学报》2025年第1期38-49,共12页Journal of Beijing City University

基　　金：安徽省高校哲学社会科学重点项目“安徽省实现‘双碳’目标的经济影响与长效机制研究”(SK2021A0008)。

摘　　要：税收政策的激励一直是驱动企业创新的重要手段。利用“研发费用加计扣除政策”这一外生政策冲击,实证检验了税收激励与企业创新的关系。研究表明,加计扣除政策能显著提升企业创新,经济效应明显。特别地,该政策在制造业企业、规模较大以非公有制企业中的激励效果更为明显。机制检验显示,研发费用加计扣除政策能够显著改善企业的偿债能力和营运能力,从而增强研发和创新活力;此外,基于生命周期假说验证研发费用加计扣除政策在一定程度上可以促进企业向成熟期转变,改善企业在市场中的竞争能力。总而言之,加计扣除政策能够有效为企业创新注入活力,助力我国经济高质量发展战略,同时为理解税收工具的有效性和作用机制提供了经验证据。The incentive of tax policy has always been an important means to drive enterprise innovation.This paper empirically tests the relationship between tax incentives and enterprise innovation by using theexogenous policy impact of“R&D expense additional deduction policy”.The research shows that the additional deduction policy can significantly promote the innovation of enterprises,and the economic effect is obvious.In particular,the incentive effect of this policy is more obvious in manufacturing enterprises,largescale and non-state-owned enterprises.The mechanism test shows that the R&D expense deduction policycan significantly improve the solvency and operation capacity of enterprises,thus enhancing the vitality ofR&D and innovation;In addition,based on the life cycle hypothesis,the research and development expensededucation policy can promote the transformation of enterprises to maturity to a certain extent,and improvethe competitiveness of enterprises in the market.All in all,the additional deduction policy can effectivelyinject vitality into enterprise innovation,help the high-quality development strategy of our economy,andprovide empirical evidence for understanding the effectiveness and mechanism of tax tools.

关 键 词：税收激励 企业创新 研发费用加计扣除政策 双重差分模型 生命周期假说 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]