长沙市动物源大肠杆菌耐药性分析及分子分型研究  

Drug resistance analysis and molecular typing of Escherichia coli from animal source in Changsha City

作　　者：周汝顺 杨嘉豪 江燕 陈启友 刘曙光 张建超 隆雪明 Zhou Rushun;Yang Jiahao;Jiang Yan;Chen Qiyou;Liu Shuguang;Zhang Jianchao;Long Xueming(Hunan Provincial Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Feed Supervision,Hunan Changsha 410006;College of Veterinary Medicine,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410125;Liuyang Animal Disease Control Center,Hunan Changsha 410300)

机构地区：[1]湖南省兽药饲料监察所,湖南长沙410006 [2]湖南农业大学动物医学院,湖南长沙410125 [3]浏阳市动物疫病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410300

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2025年第1期66-70,共5页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(22B0189)。

摘　　要：试验旨在了解湖南长沙地区动物源性细菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药情况,对2023年从长沙市周边分离的动物源大肠杆菌耐药情况及耐药基因、毒力基因和亲缘关系进行了研究。结果显示:从36个养殖场采集到407份生物样品并分离到大肠杆菌332株,分离率为81.57%。分离株对氨苄西林耐药性最严重,耐药率为64.95%;其次为四环素和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑,耐药率分别为64.05%和63.44%;对其余抗菌药物的耐药率均在40%以下。不同来源的大肠杆菌中,猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况最严重,其次为禽源,牛源的耐药程度较轻。分离株中多重耐药菌检出率较高,为58.43%。耐药基因和毒力基因检出率较高,其中四环素类耐药基因tet(A)检出率最高(84.62%),部分毒力基因如csgA、hlyE等的检出率为100.00%。系统发育树结果显示,长沙不同养殖场分离的大肠杆菌具有一定亲缘关系,证明可能存在细菌的传播或迁移。研究表明,长沙地区动物源性大肠杆菌耐药情况较严重,且存在一定水平传播,提示应继续保持耐药性监测,规范养殖场对抗菌药物的使用。The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance of animal-derived bacteria to common antibiotics in Changsha City of Hunan Province.The drug resistance,drug resistance genes,virulence genes and genetic relationships of animal-derived Escherichiacoliisolated from Changsha City in 2023 were studied.The results showed that 407 biological samples were collected from 36 farms and 332 strains of Escherichiacoliwere isolated,the isolation rate was 81.57%.The resistance to ampicillin was the most serious,and the resistance rate was 64.95%.The drug resistance rates of tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 64.05%and 63.44%,respectively.The rate of drug resistance to other antibiotics was below 40%.Among the Escherichiacolifrom different sources,the resistance of Escherichiacolifrom swine was the most serious,followed by that from poultry,and the resistance of Escherichia coli from cattle was relatively light.The detection rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria in isolates was 58.43%.The detection rates of drug resistance genes and virulence genes were high,among which tetracycline resistance genes tet(A)had the highest detection rate(84.62%),and some virulence genes such as csgA and hlyE had 100.00%detection rate.Phylogenetic tree results showed that Escherichiacoliisolated from different farms in Changsha City were related to each other to some extent,which proved that there might be bacterial transmission or migration.The study showed that the drug resistance of Escherichiacoli of animal origin in Changsha City was serious,and there was a certain level of transmission,suggesting that the drug resistance monitoring should be maintained and the use of antibiotics should be standardized in farms.

关 键 词：动物源大肠杆菌 耐药性 多重耐药 全基因组序列分析 系统发育树 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]